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1 Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden linn.oijerstedt@ki.se.
2 Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
3 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
4 Department of Medical Psychology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
5 Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
6 Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
7 Centre for Ageing Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
8 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
9 Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Donosti, Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.
10 Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.
11 Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques, Faculté de Médecine, CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
12 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Univeristy of Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tubingen Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tubingen, Germany.
13 German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.
14 Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
15 Centro Dino Ferrari, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
16 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
17 Sunnybrook Research Insitute, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
18 Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
19 Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
20 Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
21 Neurology Service, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
22 Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal.
23 Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.
24 Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital and University Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
25 Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
26 Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
27 McConnel Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
28 Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
29 Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
30 Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
31 Geriatric Medicine and Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
32 Neurologische Klinik, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munchen, Germany.
33 German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Münich, Germany.
34 Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
35 IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
36 Molecular Markers Lab, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
37 Neurofarba, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.
38 IRCCS Firenze, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Firenze, Italy.
39 Neurodegenerative Disease, Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
1 Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden linn.oijerstedt@ki.se.
2 Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
3 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
4 Department of Medical Psychology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
5 Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
6 Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
7 Centre for Ageing Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
8 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
9 Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Donosti, Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.
10 Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.
11 Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques, Faculté de Médecine, CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
12 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Univeristy of Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tubingen Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tubingen, Germany.
13 German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.
14 Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
15 Centro Dino Ferrari, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
16 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
17 Sunnybrook Research Insitute, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
18 Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
19 Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
20 Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
21 Neurology Service, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
22 Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal.
23 Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.
24 Neurology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital and University Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
25 Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
26 Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
27 McConnel Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
28 Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
29 Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
30 Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
31 Geriatric Medicine and Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
32 Neurologische Klinik, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munchen, Germany.
33 German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Münich, Germany.
34 Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
35 IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
36 Molecular Markers Lab, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
37 Neurofarba, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.
38 IRCCS Firenze, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Firenze, Italy.
39 Neurodegenerative Disease, Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Trajectories of global cognitive test scores in NC and PMC by mutated gene.(A)…
Figure 1
Trajectories of global cognitive test scores in NC and PMC by mutated gene.(A) PMC-C9 and NC (grey line, NC; yellow solid line, PMC-C9 with >5 years to expected symptom onset; yellow dashed line, PMC-C9 with <5 years to expected symptom onset). (B) PMC-GRN and NC (grey line, NC; blue solid line, PMC-GRN with >5 years to expected symptom onset; blue dashed line, PMC-GRN with <5 years to expected symptom onset). (C) PMC-MAPT and NC (grey line, NC; pink solid line, PMC-MAPT with >5 years to expected symptom onset; pink dashed line, PMC-MAPT with <5 years to expected symptom onset). All lines are fitted from the same linear mixed-effect model but plotted in A–C to simplify visualisation. Error bars represent the SEs of the means. §The difference between PMC-MAPT with >5 years to expected symptom onset and NC is no longer observed when PMC-MAPTs are compared with age-matched and family-matched controls. C9, chromosome 9 open reading frame 72; GRN, progranulin; MAPT, microtubule-associated protein tau; NC, non-carrier; PMC, presymptomatic mutation carrier.
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