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Review
. 2021 Aug 11:12:405-419.
doi: 10.2147/PHMT.S287693. eCollection 2021.

An Update on the Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Marissa Hennelly  1 , Rachel G Greenberg  1   2 , Samia Aleem  1   2
Affiliations
Review

An Update on the Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Marissa Hennelly et al. Pediatric Health Med Ther. .

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common morbidity affecting preterm infants and is associated with substantial long-term disabilities. There has been no change in the incidence of BPD over the past 20 years, despite improvements in survival and other outcomes. The preterm lung is vulnerable to injuries occurring as a result of invasive ventilation, hyperoxia, and infections that contribute to the development of BPD. Clinicians caring for infants in the neonatal intensive care unit use multiple therapies for the prevention and management of BPD. Non-invasive ventilation strategies and surfactant administration via thin catheters are treatment approaches that aim to avoid volutrauma and barotrauma to the preterm developing lung. Identifying high-risk infants to receive postnatal corticosteroids and undergo patent ductus arteriosus closure may help to individualize care and promote improved lung outcomes. In infants with established BPD, outpatient management is complex and requires coordination from several specialists and therapists. However, most current therapies used to prevent and manage BPD lack solid evidence to support their effectiveness. Further research is needed with appropriately defined outcomes to develop effective therapies and impact the incidence of BPD.

Keywords: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; chronic lung disease; neonate; preterm infant.

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Conflict of interest statement

Dr Rachel G Greenberg is a consultant for Tellus Therapeutics, outside the submitted work. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to disclose in this work.

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