Testicular cancer with extensive gonadal and renal vein tumor thrombus

Abstract

Tumor thrombus has been demonstrated to occur with hepatocellular and renal cell carcinoma, however, rarely occurs in testicular germ cell malignancies. Tumor thrombus results from the intravascular invasion of malignant cells, different from the hypercoagulable state induced by malignancy, and has significant implications with regards to prognosis and therapeutic options. We describe a case of an otherwise healthy 30-year-old patient with extensive gonadal and renal vein tumor thrombus from testicular germ cell cancer, as well as discuss the diagnosis and treatment options for this type of metastatic disease.

Keywords: Embryonal carcinoma; Germ cell tumor; Metastatic testicular cancer; Testicular cancer; Tumor thrombus; Venous tumor thrombus.