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Review
. 2021 Dec;42(12):4881-4884.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05567-7. Epub 2021 Aug 24.

SARS-CoV-2 infection after alemtuzumab in a multiple sclerosis patient: milder disease symptoms in comparison with coinfected relatives: a case report and review of the literature

Lorenzo Saraceno  1 , Emanuela Laura Susani  2 , Maria Raffaella Marazzi  2 , Maria Cristina Moioli  3 , Elio Clemente Agostoni  2 , Alessandra Protti  2
Affiliations
Review

SARS-CoV-2 infection after alemtuzumab in a multiple sclerosis patient: milder disease symptoms in comparison with coinfected relatives: a case report and review of the literature

Lorenzo Saraceno et al. Neurol Sci. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

Literature data reporting SARS-CoV-2 infection in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients recently treated with immunodepleting agents as cladribine and alemtuzumab are very limited. The relationship between iatrogenic immunodeficiency and risk related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and its severe complications is still not clear. Cautiously, the start of immunosuppressant drugs as alemtuzumab and cladribine during the current COVID-19 pandemic is not recommended unless treatment benefits significantly outweigh potential risks. We report the case of a 30-year-old female MS patient infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus 4 months after alemtuzumab II cycle, while she was still leukopenic and lymphopenic. She had no complications and also presented milder COVID-related signs and symptoms as compared to her coinfected relatives (father, mother and her partner). Anti-S1 and S2 SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, tested 1 month and a half after the infection, resulted positive. We review all cases reported in literature of SARS-CoV-2 infection in MS patients treated with alemtuzumab. None of them had complications or severe disease.

Keywords: Alemtuzumab; Cladribine; Coronavirus; Immunodepleting agents; Multiple sclerosis; SARS-CoV-2.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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