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Review
. 2021 Jul 28;8(8):144.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080144.

Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) in Small Animals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Veterinary Literature

Luca Lacitignola  1 , Marta Guadalupi  1 , Federico Massari  2
Affiliations
Review

Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) in Small Animals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Veterinary Literature

Luca Lacitignola et al. Vet Sci. .

Abstract

In veterinary surgery, single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) techniques have been described since 2009, and, in recent decades, many authors have reported the application of SILS in small animals, thus, promoting the wide dissemination of this novel approach among veterinary laparoscopists. The aim of this literature review is to provide a critical evaluation of the scientific reports on SILS in the field of small animal laparoscopic surgery. A comprehensive literature review was performed including from 1 January 2009 to 1 July 2020. The following data were recorded from each study: the design, year of publication, surgical procedure, species, number of animals included, and surgical time. The type of SILS technique and type of control group technique were evaluated. In total, 90 articles were identified through database searches and manual searches. The qualitative analysis showed that most of the articles were retrospective studies, without a control group or case series. A meta-analysis was performed on the eight controlled studies, showing that SILS ovariectomy and gastrointestinal procedures had a comparable surgical time to multiport techniques. The study of the articles available in the veterinary literature did not allow for an adequate meta-analysis of the published results, especially regarding post-operative pain, evaluations of surgical times, and post-operative complications in comparison to multiport techniques. Therefore, veterinary surgeons who want to employ these techniques must consider the real advantages of SILS techniques.

Keywords: cat; dog; laparoscopy; single incision laparoscopy; small animals.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study selection flow chart.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pie chart of the level of evidence. I, Randomized controlled trial; II, Prospective cohort study patients compared with a control group of patients treated at the same time and institution; III, Case control study and retrospective cohort study; and IV, Case series (no control group or historical control group).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest-plot chart of the articles analyzed in terms of the surgical time of Ovariectomy (OVE) procedures. OT: operative telescope; SILS: SILS port platform. (Q 38.2976; I2 92.17%; p < 0.0001).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest-plot chart of the articles analyzed in terms of the surgical time of Gastrointestinal (GI) procedures. (Q 18.4577; I2 83.75 %; p = 0.0004).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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