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. 2021 Aug 12;13(16):4053.
doi: 10.3390/cancers13164053.

Behavioral and Psychological Outcomes Associated with Skin Cancer Genetic Testing in Albuquerque Primary Care

Jennifer L Hay  1 , Kimberly A Kaphingst  2 , David Buller  3 , Elizabeth Schofield  1 , Kirsten Meyer White  4 , Andrew Sussman  5 , Dolores Guest  6 , Yvonne T Dailey  6 , Erika Robers  6 , Matthew R Schwartz  6 , Yuelin Li  1 , Keith Hunley  7 , Marianne Berwick  8   9
Affiliations

Behavioral and Psychological Outcomes Associated with Skin Cancer Genetic Testing in Albuquerque Primary Care

Jennifer L Hay et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Public availability of genetic information is increasing; thus, efforts to improve diversity in basic and translational research in genomics is a top priority. Given the increasing U.S. incidence and mortality of melanoma, and the prevalence of common melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene melanoma risk variants in the general population, we examined genomic testing of MC1R for skin cancer risk in a randomized controlled trial in Albuquerque, New Mexico primary care. Participants were 48% Hispanic and were randomized 5:1 to a MC1R test invitation or usual care. We assessed 3 month sun protection, skin cancer screening, and skin cancer worry outcomes associated with testing, and key effect moderators (e.g., cancer risk perceptions, and skin cancer risk factors). Our findings indicate that the primary outcomes were unchanged by the MC1R test offer, test acceptance, and level of risk feedback. Moderator analyses showed that those with lower risk perception, and those with skin that readily tans, significantly increased their sun protection in response to higher than average risk feedback. Risk feedback did not prompt cancer worry, and average risk feedback did not erode existing sun protection. This study paves the way for the development of tailored strategies to address low skin cancer risk awareness in this understudied context of public health genomics.

Keywords: Hispanics; genetic testing; primary care; skin cancer risk; sun protection.

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Conflict of interest statement

David Buller is the Research Director of Klein Buendel and his spouse is an owner of Klein Buendel. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study design. Note: of the 499 who received a log-on invitation, 37 requested but did not return a kit, and 1 returned a kit but no risk level was recorded.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Depiction of notable sun protection and skin cancer worry moderator effects.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Depiction of notable sun protection and skin cancer worry moderator effects.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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