The Mediated Role of Credibility on Information Sources and Patient Awareness toward Patient Rights

Abstract

Although patient rights are an important issue, this remains an understudied research area. Patients are unaware of their rights, lacking control of health care treatments they might deserve. This can contribute to sustaining inequality as well as failure in achieving welfare policy goals. Drawing on channel complementarity theory, the current study explored patients' awareness toward their rights, and the credibility of information sources related to patient rights. In a web-based survey, 994 Israeli participants, suffering from chronic illness and using health services, were recruited. To examine the study's theoretical framework and relationships among the constructs and test the hypotheses, a path analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling. The research model depicts direct and indirect relationships between constructs, and the relevant coefficients. The results show a direct and positive interaction between information credibility and patient rights awareness (β = 0.10, p = 0.019). Information credibility partially mediates the relationship between public service information sources and patient rights awareness (bootstrap with 95% CI: 0.01-0.07; p = 0.015). The mass media information sources construct is directly and positively related to information credibility (β = 0.36, p = 0.000). Age was found as a moderator, indicating that information credibility is a factor only at lower ages. Therefore, patient rights should be systematically and reliably accessible in order to raise the awareness and trust of chronic patients regarding information about patient rights. Using planned health communication campaigns mainly via public service sources that are perceived as trustworthy can help contribute to approach patients more effectively and provide them with accessible and detailed information about their rights.

Keywords: Israel; awareness; health information interoperability; mass media; patient rights; public health service.

Figure 1

The current study’s theoretical framework, construct relationships, and hypotheses. Mass media information sources and public service information sources are antecedents of patient rights awareness. Information credibility is a mediator and age is a moderator.

Figure 2

Awareness of patient rights: a path model ^a. Mass media information sources and public service information sources are antecedents of patient rights awareness. Information credibility is a mediator and age is a moderator. ^a Path parameters are standardized parameter estimates and only significant paths are shown. Significance is displayed in parenthesis.

Figure 3

The moderation effect of age.