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. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-3726.
doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368.

2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

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2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

Theresa A McDonagh et al. Eur Heart J. .
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Keywords: advanced heart failure; transplantation; Guidelines; acute heart failure; arrhythmias; cardiac resynchronization therapy; comorbidities; diagnosis; ejection fraction; heart failure; hospitalization; mechanical circulatory support; multidisciplinary management; natriuretic peptides; neuro-hormonal antagonists; pharmacotherapy.

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