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Review
. 2021 Aug 27;19(1):128.
doi: 10.1186/s43141-021-00231-1.

Recent advancements in molecular marker-assisted selection and applications in plant breeding programmes

Nazarul Hasan  1 , Sana Choudhary  2 , Neha Naaz  2 , Nidhi Sharma  2 , Rafiul Amin Laskar  3
Affiliations
Review

Recent advancements in molecular marker-assisted selection and applications in plant breeding programmes

Nazarul Hasan et al. J Genet Eng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Background: DNA markers improved the productivity and accuracy of classical plant breeding by means of marker-assisted selection (MAS). The enormous number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping read for different plant species have given a plenitude of molecular marker-gene associations. In this review, we have discussed the positive aspects of molecular marker-assisted selection and its precise applications in plant breeding programmes. Molecular marker-assisted selection has considerably shortened the time for new crop varieties to be brought to the market. To explore the information about DNA markers, many reviews have been published in the last few decades; all these reviews were intended by plant breeders to obtain information on molecular genetics. In this review, we intended to be a synopsis of recent developments of DNA markers and their application in plant breeding programmes and devoted to early breeders with little or no knowledge about the DNA markers. The progress made in molecular plant breeding, plant genetics, genomics selection, and editing of genome contributed to the comprehensive understanding of DNA markers and provides several proofs on the genetic diversity available in crop plants and greatly complemented plant breeding devices.

Short conclusion: MAS has revolutionized the process of plant breeding with acceleration and accuracy, which is continuously empowering plant breeders around the world.

Keywords: Crop plant; DNA marker; Gene; TILLING; CRISPR Cas9.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The figure explains the basic procedure of marker-assisted selection
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
RAD-sequence: discovery and genotyping of SNPs by next-generation sequencing for genome mapping.EcoRI-MspI ligation as “adapter_P1-EcoRI” and “adapter_P2-MspI”
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
A schematic representation of traditional TILLING pathways and workflow of TILLING by sequencing
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Method for high-throughput virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). VIGS is performed by cloning a short stretch of sequence (usually 100–500 base pairs) from a candidate gene or random cDNAs into a virus genome under the control of promoter within a binary vector
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
A schematic drawing illustrating an example of genome editing for crop improvement through the CRISPR/Cas9 strategy
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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