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Review
. 2022 Jun;200(6):2639-2650.
doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02893-x. Epub 2021 Aug 27.

Exploring the Role of Heavy Metals and Their Derivatives on the Pathophysiology of COVID-19

Ali Bahrami  1   2 , Mohammad Reza Arabestani  3 , Mohammad Taheri  3 , Abbas Farmany  4 , Fatemeh Norozzadeh  1   2 , Seyed Mostafa Hosseini  3 , Hesam Nozari  1   2 , Fatemeh Nouri  5
Affiliations
Review

Exploring the Role of Heavy Metals and Their Derivatives on the Pathophysiology of COVID-19

Ali Bahrami et al. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Jun.

Erratum in

Abstract

Many aspects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its disease, COVID-19, have been studied to determine its properties, transmission mechanisms, and pathology. These efforts are aimed at identifying potential approaches to control or treat the disease. Early treatment of novel SARS-CoV-2 infection to minimize symptom progression has minimal evidence; however, many researchers and firms are working on vaccines, and only a few vaccines exist. COVID-19 is affected by several heavy metals and their nanoparticles. We investigated the effects of heavy metals and heavy metal nanoparticles on SARS-CoV-2 and their roles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. AgNPs, AuNPs, gold-silver hybrid NPs, copper nanoparticles, zinc oxide, vanadium, gallium, bismuth, titanium, palladium, silver grafted graphene oxide, and some quantum dots were tested to see if they could minimize the severity or duration of symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared to standard therapy.

Keywords: COVID-19; Heavy metals.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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