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. 2021 Aug 10;13(16):2669.
doi: 10.3390/polym13162669.

Synthesis of Polyaniline Coated Magnesium and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles through Eco-Friendly Approach and Their Application as Antifungal Agents

Suryyia Manzoor  1 , Ghazala Yasmin  1 , Nadeem Raza  2 , Javier Fernandez  3 , Rashida Atiq  4 , Sobia Chohan  4 , Ayesha Iqbal  1 , Shamaila Manzoor  5 , Barizah Malik  6 , Franz Winter  7 , Mudassar Azam  7   8
Affiliations

Synthesis of Polyaniline Coated Magnesium and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles through Eco-Friendly Approach and Their Application as Antifungal Agents

Suryyia Manzoor et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Plant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles exhibits great potential to minimize the generation of chemical waste through the utilization of non-toxic precursors. In this research work, we report the synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles through a green approach using Manilkara zapota leaves extract, their surface modification by polyaniline (PANI), and antifungal properties against Aspergillus niger. Textural and structural characterization of modified and unmodified metal oxide nanoparticles were evaluated using FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The optimal conditions for inhibition of Aspergillus niger were achieved by varying nanoparticles' concentration and time exposure. Results demonstrate that PANI/MgO nanoparticles were superior in function relative to PANI/Co3O4 nanoparticles to control the growth rate of Aspergillus niger at optimal conditions (time exposure of 72 h and nanoparticles concentration of 24 mM). A percentage decrease of 73.2% and 65.1% in fungal growth was observed using PANI/MgO and PANI/Co3O4 nanoparticles, respectively, which was higher than the unmodified metal oxide nanoparticles (67.5% and 63.2%).

Keywords: Aspergillus niger; Manilkara zapota leaves extract; PANI; green synthesis; nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Total ion chromatogram of Manilkara zapota aqueous leaves extract by ESI-Q-TOF MS (A) positive (B) negative ionization modes. Column: Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18, 2.1 × 150 mm; mobile phase: 0.1% (v/v) of formic acid in water and 0.1% (v/v) of formic acid in acetonitrile [35].
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Synthesis of polyaniline.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic representation of synthesis of studied nanoparticles.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectra of (a) MgO (b) PANI/MgO nanoparticles.
Figure 4
Figure 4
FTIR spectra of (a) Co3O4 and (b) PANI/Co3O4 nanoparticles.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM analysis of (a) MgO nanoparticles and (b) PANI/MgO nanoparticles.
Figure 6
Figure 6
SEM micrograph of (a) Co3O4 nanoparticles and (b) PANI/Co3O4 nanoparticles.
Figure 7
Figure 7
XRD of green synthesized MgO and PANI/MgO nanoparticles.
Figure 8
Figure 8
XRD of Co3O4 and PANI/Co3O4 nanoparticles.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Comparison of the rates of decrease in fungal growth (%) by MgO and PANI/MgO nanoparticles at their 24 mM concentration.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Comparison of the rates of decrease in fungal growth (%) by Co3O4 and PANI/Co3O4 nanoparticles at their 24 mM concentration.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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