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. 2021 Aug 11:12:714728.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.714728. eCollection 2021.

Vitamin D Deficiency as a Predictor of a High Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Pancreas Transplant Candidates With Type 1 Diabetes

Małgorzata Buksińska-Lisik  1 , Przemysław J Kwasiborski  1 , Robert Ryczek  2 , Wojciech Lisik  3 , Artur Mamcarz  1
Affiliations

Vitamin D Deficiency as a Predictor of a High Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Pancreas Transplant Candidates With Type 1 Diabetes

Małgorzata Buksińska-Lisik et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreas transplantation is a high-risk procedure in terms of cardiovascular complications. Therefore, identification of all cardiovascular risk factors is crucial to prevent cardiovascular complications after pancreas transplantation. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) appears to be a potential risk factor for coronary artery disease.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of VDD in pancreas transplant candidates, and further to examine the relationship between vitamin D and the prevalence of coronary artery disease and lipid profile parameters.

Materials and methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study. We enrolled consecutive patients with type 1 diabetes eligible for simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation or pancreas transplant alone. The laboratory tests included HbA1c, lipid profile, creatinine, and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). The diagnosis of coronary artery disease was based on coronary angiography.

Results: The study population included 48 patients. VDD was revealed in 48% of patients and coronary artery disease in 35% of patients. The mean concentration of vitamin D in the entire cohort was 21.3 ± 9.48 ng/ml. The median value of 25(OH)D in patients with coronary artery disease was significantly lower than in patients without coronary artery disease (18.5 (11.6-21.5) vs. 24.8 (18.4-31.8) ng/ml, p = 0.018). There was a significant relationship between VDD and coronary artery disease (OR = 4.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-15.64, p = 0.034). A patient's odds of having coronary artery disease while having a sufficient level of vitamin D was 4.36 times lower than if the patient had VDD. There was a significant relationship between VDD and hypertension (OR = 5.91; 95% CI: 1.12-31.20, p = 0.039) and hemodialysis (OR = 4.25; 95% CI: 1.25-14.5, p = 0.023). There was no significant correlation between 25(OH)D and lipid profile.

Conclusions: VDD is highly prevalent in pancreas transplant candidates with type 1 diabetes. There is a significant relationship between VDD and increased prevalence of coronary disease. The lack of any significant association between serum vitamin D and lipid profile suggests that the relationship between vitamin D and coronary artery disease results from other causes.

Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; cardiovascular risk; coronary artery disease; pancreas transplantation; type 1 diabetes; vitamin D.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and without coronary artery disease (no CAD).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in hemodialysis (HD) and non-dialysis patients (non-HD).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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