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Review
. 2021 Sep;28(9):5074-5080.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.023. Epub 2021 May 20.

Dengue and human health: A global scenario of its occurrence, diagnosis and therapeutics

Mernan Jamal Sabir  1 , Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud  1 , Sabah Mohmoud Hassan  1
Affiliations
Review

Dengue and human health: A global scenario of its occurrence, diagnosis and therapeutics

Mernan Jamal Sabir et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Sep.

Abstract

Dengue is one of the highest and rapidly spreading vector-borne viral diseases with high mortality rates. The infection causes acute febrile illness, a major public health concern in the tropics and subtropics globally. The disease is caused by an RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. The virus is transferred to humans by the mosquito vector called Aedvrves aegypti, which is the cause of new prevalent sicknesses worldwide. These vector-borne viral diseases spread very fast and pose public health and economic challenges that deemed various prevention and control techniques. The Flavivirus genus consists of five different types of viruses starting from DENV-1 to DENV-5. Thus, the present review focuses on the origin of the virus, how the Dengue virus can be detected, infection, the morphology of the virus, its classifications as proposed by ICTV, the replication and genome of the dengue virus, translation, receptor binding, and some vaccine trial volunteers. In addition, it highlights the current challenges and limitations of effective dengue treatment.

Keywords: Dengue virus; Genome; Morphology; RNA; Replication; Vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Dengue virus infection and associated consequences. (Modified from Rather et al., 2017).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Structural components of Dengue virus.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Genome organization and polyprotein processing of members of the genus Flavivirus. Boxes below the genome indicate viral proteins generated by proteolytic processing. NCR, non-coding region.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Classification of dengue vaccine candidates.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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