Intraluminal diamond-like carbon coating with anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm effects for uropathogens: A novel technology applicable to urinary catheters
- PMID: 34482564
- PMCID: PMC9290946
- DOI: 10.1111/iju.14675
Intraluminal diamond-like carbon coating with anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm effects for uropathogens: A novel technology applicable to urinary catheters
Abstract
Objectives: To examine anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm effects of a diamond-like carbon coating deposited via a novel technique on the inner surface of a thin silicon tube.
Methods: Diamond-like carbon coatings were deposited into the lumen of a silicon tube with inner diameters of 2 mm. The surface of the diamond-like carbon was evaluated using physicochemical methods. We used three clinical isolates including green fluorescent protein-expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We employed a continuous flow system for evaluation of both bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Bacterial adhesion assays consisted of counting the number of colony-forming units and visualization of adhered bacterial cells by scanning electron microscope to evaluate the diamond-like carbon-coated/uncoated samples. The biofilm structure was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy on days 3, 5, 7 and 14 for green fluorescent protein-expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Results: The smooth and carbon-rich structure of the intraluminal diamond-like carbon film remained unchanged after the experiments. The numbers of colony-forming units suggested lower adherence of green fluorescent protein-expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli in the diamond-like carbon-coated samples compared with the uncoated samples. The scanning electron microscope images showed adhered green fluorescent protein-expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells without formation of microcolonies on the diamond-like carbon-coated samples. Finally, biofilm formation on the diamond-like carbon-coated samples was lower until at least day 14 compared with the uncoated samples.
Conclusions: Intraluminal diamond-like carbon coating on a silicone tube has anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm effects. This technology can be applied to urinary catheters made from various materials.
Keywords: bacterial adhesion; biofilms; plasma gases; urinary catheters; urinary tract infection.
© 2021 The Authors. International Journal of Urology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Urological Association.
Conflict of interest statement
None declared.
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Comment in
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Editorial Comment to Intraluminal diamond-like carbon coating with anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm effects for uropathogens: A novel technology applicable to urinary catheters.Int J Urol. 2021 Dec;28(12):1289. doi: 10.1111/iju.14691. Epub 2021 Sep 7. Int J Urol. 2021. PMID: 34494311 No abstract available.
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