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Review
. 2021 Aug 19:11:634780.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.634780. eCollection 2021.

Impact of Gut Microbiota and Microbiota-Related Metabolites on Hyperlipidemia

Xiaokang Jia  1   2   3 , Wen Xu  1   2 , Lei Zhang  4 , Xiaoyan Li  1   2 , Ruirui Wang  4 , Shuisheng Wu  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Impact of Gut Microbiota and Microbiota-Related Metabolites on Hyperlipidemia

Xiaokang Jia et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. .

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia, defined as the presence of excess fat or lipids in the blood, has been considered as a high-risk factor and key indicator of many metabolic diseases. The gut microbiota has been reported playing a vital role in regulating host lipid metabolism. The pathogenic role of gut microbiota in the development of hyperlipidemia has been revealed through fecal microbiota transplantation experiment to germ-free mice. The effector mechanism of microbiota-related metabolites such as bile acids, lipopolysaccharide, and short-chain fatty acids in the regulation of hyperlipidemia has been partially unveiled. Moreover, studies on gut-microbiota-targeted hyperlipidemia interventions, including the use of prebiotics, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and natural herbal medicines, also have shown their efficacy in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. In this review, we summarize the relationship between gut microbiota and hyperlipidemia, the impact of gut microbiota and microbiota-related metabolites on the development and progression of hyperlipidemia, and the potential therapeutic management of hyperlipidemia targeted at gut microbiota.

Keywords: BAs; LPS; SCFAs; gut microbiota; hyperlipidemia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The impact of gut microbiota in the development of hyperlipidemia.
Figure 2
Figure 2
BAs regulate TGR5 and FXR in lipid-metabolism disorder. Cholesterol regulates the synthesis of BAs and completes the circulation of the liver and intestine through two ways.
Figure 3
Figure 3
HFD feeding changes gut microbiota, promotes metabolic endotoxemia, and triggers the development of metabolic disorders.
Figure 4
Figure 4
SCFAs regulate energy metabolism through the gut–brain axis and the AMPK pathway to improve dyslipidemia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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