A novel computation method for detection of Malaria in RBC using Photonic biosensor

Abstract

Initial stage detection of malaria is very helpful in reducing the human death rate. Generally manual diagnosis is used for detection of malaria using 100 × to 600 × microscope but time required for this process is very large and false report chances are more, which results in death of a person. A high speed, low cost and result accurate biosensor plays a key role in diagnosis of malaria. When malaria parasite's infects RBC's, its mechanical, physical and biochemical structure will get modified results in change of refractive index of RBC. Therefore, refractive index varies from normal RBC to infected RBC. This factor is utilized to design the photonic biosensor for detection of malaria in humans and it is label free detection method. The proposed photonic crystal sensor has 10 µm × 10 µm dimension. The extracted sample is placed in the sensor holes and light beam with a wavelength of 1.85-1.95 µm is fed inside the bio sensor. If the malaria parasites are present then there will be variation in RI from normal sample results in the wavelength shift. FDTD technique is used for the simulation of this model. Quality factor achieved for this design is 214 and the sensitivity for change in refractive index is 225 nm/RIU.

Keywords: Biosensor; FDTD- frequency division time domain; Malaria; Photonic Crystal; RBC-red blood cells; RI-Refractive index.

Fig. 1

Photonic biosensor front view

Fig. 2

top view of the PhC sensor

Fig. 3

Malaria detection process

Fig. 4

Transmission spectra in ring stage

Fig. 5

a Transmission spectra in trophozoites stage, (b) Transmission spectra in schizont stage

Fig. 6

Electric field intensity