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Review
. 2021 Sep 30;41(9):BSR20211494.
doi: 10.1042/BSR20211494.

MicroRNA-375: potential cancer suppressor and therapeutic drug

Jiahui Wei #  1 , Yiran Lu #  1 , Ruiqing Wang  2 , Xiangzhu Xu  3 , Qing Liu  4 , Song He  1 , Huihao Pan  1 , Xinmiao Liu  1 , Bao Yuan  1 , Yu Ding  1 , Jiabao Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

MicroRNA-375: potential cancer suppressor and therapeutic drug

Jiahui Wei et al. Biosci Rep. .

Abstract

MiR-375 is a conserved noncoding RNA that is known to be involved in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance. Previous studies have shown that miR-375 affects the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human tumor cells via some key transcription factors, such as Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), Specificity protein 1 (SP1) and signaling pathways (Wnt signaling pathway, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway) and is vital for the development of cancer. Additionally, recent studies have identified microRNA (miRNA) delivery system carriers for improved in vivo transportation of miR-375 to specific sites. Here, we discussed the role of miR-375 in different types of cancers, as well as molecular mechanisms, and analyzed the potential of miR-375 as a molecular biomarker and therapeutic target to improve the efficiency of clinical diagnosis of cancer.

Keywords: Dysregulation; EMT; Tumor-suppressive; miR-375.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The activation of EMT
EMT-related signaling pathways are essential for the occurrence of EMT. EMT allows tumor cells to invade and metastasize and may also allow tumor cells to escape apoptosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the mechanism of miR-375 in EMT
MiR-375 attenuates EMT by inhibiting vital target genes (such as YAP1, SP1, SNAIL1, HOXB13, YWHAX). EMT can also be enhanced by inhibiting E-cadherin. Additionally, some signaling pathways related to EMT also act as intermediaries between miR-375 and EMT. For example, miR-375 inhibits the expression of RBPJ and Notch2 to inhibit the NOTCH pathway, while miR-375 also inhibits the WNT pathway by reducing the expression of YWHAZ. Also, miR-375 reduces the activity of the TGF-β pathway by inhibiting the expression of SHOS2. Finally, miR-375 inhibits the AKT signaling pathway by inhibiting the level of IGF1R, regulating EMT.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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