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Review
. 2021 Sep 3;26(17):5370.
doi: 10.3390/molecules26175370.

Pesticides: Behavior in Agricultural Soil and Plants

Lydia Bondareva  1 , Nataliia Fedorova  1
Affiliations
Review

Pesticides: Behavior in Agricultural Soil and Plants

Lydia Bondareva et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

This review considers potential approaches to solve an important problem concerning the impact of applied pesticides of various classes on living organisms, mainly agricultural crops used as food. We used the method of multi-residual determination of several pesticides in agricultural food products with its practical application for estimating pesticides in real products and in model experiments. The distribution of the pesticide between the components of the soil-plant system was studied with a pesticide of the sulfonylureas class, i.e., rimsulfuron. Autoradiography showed that rimsulfuron inhibits the development of plants considered as weeds. Cereals are less susceptible to the effects of pesticides such as acetamiprid, flumetsulam and florasulam, while the development of legume shoots was inhibited with subsequent plant death.

Keywords: agricultural food products; distribution multi-residual method; pesticides.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chromatogram of the model solution of 23 pesticides with the concentration of 0.1 µg·ml−1, the electrospray ionization source (ESI) in the positive ion mode (TIC—total ion current): 1—omethoate, 2—thiamethoxam, 3—imidacloprid, 4—clothianidine, 5—flumetsulam, 6—dimethoate, 7—acetamiprid, 8—rimsulfuron, 9—thiacloprid, 10—florasulam, 11—thiabendazole, 12—carboxim, 13—spiroxamine, 14—fluxapiroxade, 15—fluopyram, 16—epoxiconazole, 17—iprodione, 18—kresoxym-methil, 19—penconazole, 20—pyraclostrobin, 21—prochloraz, 22—trifloxystrobin, 23—ipconazole. On the X axis is the time (min), on the Y axis is the peak intensity.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chromatogram of the model solution of 18 pesticides with the concentration of 0.1 µg·ml−1. The Selected Ion Mode (SIM): 1—diazinon, 2—chlorothalonil, 3—mefenoxam, 4—malathion, 5—cyprodinin, 6—fipronil, 7—fludioxanil, 8—flutriafol, 9—prothioconazole-desthio, 10—fipronil sulfone, 11—cyproconazole, 12—propiconazole, 13—tebuconazole, 14—epoxiconazole, 15—bifentrin, 16—lambda-cyhalothrin, 17—alpha-cyperomenthrin, 18—esfenvalerate. On the X axis is the time (min), on the Y axis is the peak intensity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of 14C isotope, kBq·kg−1 (a) and pesticide (b) over the soil profile of the experimental system [44].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Distribution of the labelled rimsulfuron over the leaf of Zea mays L., 1753 [44].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Distribution of 14C in the intracellular space of the leaf of Zea mays L., 1753 [44].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Autoradiography of the shoots Sinapis arvensis L., 32 h after the treatment [44].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Comparison of the physical appearance of the bean shoots (Vícia fába): (a) control, (b) after treatment with the pesticide (acetamiprid).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Comparison of the physical appearance of the rye shoots (Secále): (a) control, (b) after treatment with the pesticide (acetamiprid).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Dependence of the dynamics of changes in the relative index of delayed fluorescence (RIDF) on the pesticide concentration.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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MeSH terms