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Review
. 2021 Sep 10;14(1):50.
doi: 10.1186/s12245-021-00373-6.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a mini-review

Martina Giacalone  1 , Eric Scheier  2 , Itai Shavit  3
Affiliations
Review

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a mini-review

Martina Giacalone et al. Int J Emerg Med. .

Abstract

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a novel, life-threatening hyperinflammatory condition that develops in children a few weeks after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This disease has created a diagnostic challenge due to overlap with Kawasaki disease (KD) and KD shock syndrome. The majority of patients with MIS-C present with the involvement of at least four organ systems, and all have evidence of a marked inflammatory state. Most patients show an increase in the level of at least four inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, neutrophil count, ferritin, procalcitonin, fibrinogen, interleukin-6, and triglycerides). Therapy is primarily with immunomodulators, suggesting that the disease is driven by post-infectious immune dysregulation. Most patients, even those with severe cardiovascular involvement, recover without sequelae. Since coronary aneurysms have been reported, echocardiographic follow-up is needed.Further study is needed to create uniform diagnostic criteria, therapy, and follow-up protocols.

Keywords: COVID-19; Children; Inflammatory; SARS-CoV-2.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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