Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Aug 23;4(1):43.
doi: 10.5334/joc.166. eCollection 2021.

A Complete Real-World Theory of Language Should Explain How Iconicity Remains a Stable Property of Linguistic Systems

Affiliations

A Complete Real-World Theory of Language Should Explain How Iconicity Remains a Stable Property of Linguistic Systems

Marcus Perlman et al. J Cogn. .

Abstract

Murgiano et al. make a compelling case for studying iconicity in multimodal face-to-face interaction, but they appear ambivalent about the importance of iconicity at the level of the linguistic system. We argue that, rather than decreasing over time, iconicity is a stable property of languages. Understanding how and why this is so is critical to building a complete real-world theory of language that bridges the situated context of language use with language as an evolving symbolic system. An important point for future research is to examine the interface between iconic prosody and the latent iconic features of words and signs that are frozen in the linguistic system.

Keywords: Embodied cognition; Language production; Semantics.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no competing interests to declare.

References

    1. Dingemanse, M., Schuerman, W., Reinisch, E., Tufvesson, S., & Mitterer, H. (2016). What sound symbolism can and cannot do: Testing the iconicity of ideophones from five languages. Language, 92(2), e117–e133. DOI: 10.1353/lan.2016.0034 - DOI
    1. Erban Johansson, N., Carr, J. W., & Kirby, S. (2021). Cultural evolution leads to vocal iconicity in an experimental iterated learning task. Journal of Language Evolution, 6(1), 1–25. DOI: 10.1093/jole/lzab001 - DOI
    1. Flaksman, M. (2017). Iconic treadmill hypothesis: The reasons behind continuous onomatopoeic coinage. In Zirker A., Bauer M., Fischer O., & Ljungberg C. (Eds.), Iconicity in Language and Literature (Vol. 15). John Benjamins Publishing Company. DOI: 10.1075/ill.15.02fla - DOI
    1. Frishberg, N. (1975). Arbitrariness and Iconicity: Historical Change in American Sign Language. Language, 51(3), 696. DOI: 10.2307/412894 - DOI
    1. Garrod, S., Fay, N., Lee, J., Oberlander, J., & MacLeod, T. (2007). Foundations of representation: Where might graphical symbol systems come from? Cognitive Science, 31(6), 961–987. DOI: 10.1080/03640210701703659 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources