Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jul 22;18(4):211-217.
doi: 10.1002/cld.1124. eCollection 2021 Oct.

Ethical and Legal Aspects of Pandemics During COVID-19 and Beyond for the Hepatology Community

Dirk J van Leeuwen  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Ethical and Legal Aspects of Pandemics During COVID-19 and Beyond for the Hepatology Community

Dirk J van Leeuwen. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). .

Abstract

Content available: Author Interview and Audio Recording.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
Pandemic ethics evolve from multiple perspectives that require ethical and legal input.
FIG 2
FIG 2
Refocusing of traditional ethical individual doctor–patient and legal values can be challenging.
FIG 3
FIG 3
Limited resources: criteria for best outcomes.
FIG 4
FIG 4
Responsibilities and dilemmas of health care workers versus institutions in management of the pandemic.
FIG 5
FIG 5
Challenges during Code Black (“1 bed for 10 patients”).
FIG 6
FIG 6
Issues for now and after COVID‐19.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kolbert E. Pandemics and the shape of human history. The New Yorker. Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/04/06/pandemics‐and‐the‐shape‐of.... Published March 30, 2020.
    1. Institute of Medicine . Ethical and Legal Considerations in Mitigating Pandemic Disease: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2007. - PubMed
    1. Baker MG, Forsyth AM. The new International Health Regulations: a revolutionary change in global health security. N Z Med J 2007;120:U2872. - PubMed
    1. Gostin LO, Sapsin JW, Teret SP, et al. The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act: planning for and response to bioterrorism and naturally occurring infectious diseases. JAMA 2002;288:622‐628. - PubMed
    1. Leider JP, DeBruin D, Reynolds N, et al. Ethical guidance for disaster response, specifically around crisis standards of care: a systematic review. Am J Public Health 2017;107:e1‐e9. - PMC - PubMed