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. 2022 Feb;26(2):1309-1321.
doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-04105-1. Epub 2021 Sep 16.

Relationship between anterior maxillary tooth sagittal root position and periodontal phenotype: a clinical and tomographic study

Diogo M Rodrigues  1 , Rodrigo L Petersen  1 , Caroline Montez  2 , José R de Moraes  3 , Alessandro L Januário  4 , Eliane P Barboza  5
Affiliations

Relationship between anterior maxillary tooth sagittal root position and periodontal phenotype: a clinical and tomographic study

Diogo M Rodrigues et al. Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Feb.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between the tomographic sagittal root position (SRP) of maxillary anterior teeth and periodontal phenotype (PP).

Material and methods: Seventy volunteers (420 teeth) were evaluated. Clinical and photographic exams included the evaluation of gingival phenotype (GP) by transparency of the periodontal probe, keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival architecture, tooth shape, and papilla height (PH). Soft tissue tomographic scan (ST-CBCT) measurements included the SRP classification, GP, gingival thickness in the tissue zone (GT-TZ) and in the bone zone (GT-BZ), buccal bone thickness (BBT), and the distances from the gingival margin and from cementoenamel junction to the buccal bone crest (GM-BBC and CEJ-BBC). Kruskal-Wallis test and a linear regression analysis model were used.

Results: The frequency of SRP over the 420 teeth was 65.2% (class I), 9.3% (class II), 0.7% (class III), and 24.8% (class IV). Linear regression analysis showed that SRP is related to PP (p < 0.05). Significantly different measurements of PP parameters were found in SRP classes. The higher and lower GT and BBT were found in classes II and I, respectively. Class IV presented the highest KTW, PH, CEJ-BBC, and GM-BBC. Central incisors (CI) classes I and II were most frequently square-shaped, while 89% of CI Class IV were triangular-shaped.

Conclusion: The SRP of maxillary anterior teeth is related to periodontal phenotype.

Clinical relevance: Clinical and ST-CBCT individual analysis of PP and SRP may be helpful for an esthetic and functional treatment plan based on soft and hard tissue thickness and tooth positioning.

Keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Imaging; Implantology; Periodontal phenotype; Treatment planning.

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