Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jul 28;9(9):5211-5219.
doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2493. eCollection 2021 Sep.

Dietary inflammatory index and odds of breast cancer: A case-control study

Shatha S Hammad  1 , Reema Mahmoud  1 , Nitin Shivappa  2   3   4 , James R Hebert  2   3   4 , Lina Marie  5 , Reema F Tayyem  6
Affiliations

Dietary inflammatory index and odds of breast cancer: A case-control study

Shatha S Hammad et al. Food Sci Nutr. .

Abstract

Breast cancer (BrCA) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. This study aimed to examine the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and BrCA among Jordanian women. A total of 400 adult women were enrolled into this case-control study. Cases were 200 women recently diagnosed with BrCA selected from the two hospitals that provide cancer therapy in Jordan. They were matched on age, income, and marital status with 200 BrCA-free controls. DII scores were calculated from dietary data that were collected in a face-to-face interview conducted between October 2016 and September 2017 using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. The study results revealed no significant associations between DII scores in relation to the odds of developing BrCA after multivariable adjustment including age, education, total energy, BMI, number of pregnancy, contraceptive use, lactation, smoking, and family history of BrCA. Stratified analyses by obesity status showed that overweight/obese participants in the highest DII tertile had a >75% increased BrCA risk (OR of 1.77 [95% CI, 1.01-3.12]) compared with participants in the lowest tertile, after adjusting for age. The results from this study showed no significant relationship between the proinflammatory potential of the diet and BrCA risk in the overall study population. However, results stratified by weight category indicated an effect of diet-associated inflammation on BrCA risk in the overweight/obese group. Results of the study are consistent with a recommendation aimed at maintaining higher diet quality, that is, adopting healthy diets characterized by low DII scores in order to reduce the risk for BrCA.

Keywords: body mass index; breast cancer; dietary inflammatory index; proinflammatory; risk factors.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

SSH, RM, LM, and RFT declare that they have no conflict of interests. Disclosure: Dr. James R. Hébert owns controlling interest in Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), a company that has licensed the right to his invention of the DII from the University of South Carolina in order to develop computer and smartphone applications for patient counseling and dietary intervention in clinical settings. Dr. Nitin Shivappa is an employee of CHI.

References

    1. Accardi, G., Shivappa, N., Di Maso, M., Hébert, J. R., Fratino, L., Montella, M., La Vecchia, C., Caruso, C., Serraino, D., Libra, M., & Polesel, J. (2019). Dietary inflammatory index and cancer risk in the elderly: A pooled‐analysis of Italian case‐control studies. Nutrition, 63–64, 205–210. 10.1016/j.nut.2019.02.008 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Albuquerque, R. C., Baltar, V. T., & Marchioni, D. M. (2014). Breast cancer and dietary patterns: A systematic review. Nutrition Reviews, 72(1), 1–17. 10.1111/nure.12083 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cavicchia, P. P., Steck, S. E., Hurley, T. G., Hussey, J. R., Ma, Y., Ockene, I. S., & Hébert, J. R. (2009). A new dietary inflammatory index predicts interval changes in serum high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein. Journal of Nutrition, 139(12), 2365–2372. 10.3945/jn.109.114025 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ferrini, K., Ghelfi, F., Mannucci, R., & Titta, L. (2015). Lifestyle, nutrition and breast cancer: Facts and presumptions for consideration. Ecancermedicalscience, 9, 557. 10.3332/ecancer.2015.557 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fung, T. T., Hu, F. B., Holmes, M. D., Rosner, B. A., Hunter, D. J., Colditz, G. A., & Willett, W. C. (2005). Dietary patterns and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 116(1), 116–121. 10.1002/ijc.20999 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources