Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Stacy Lindshield^#¹, R Adriana Hernandez-Aguilar^#^{2

3}, Amanda H Korstjens⁴, Linda F Marchant⁵, Victor Narat⁶, Papa Ibnou Ndiaye⁷, Hideshi Ogawa⁸, Alex K Piel⁹, Jill D Pruetz¹⁰, Fiona A Stewart^{9

11}, Kelly L van Leeuwen¹², Erin G Wessling¹³, Midori Yoshikawa¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anthropology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
² Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
³ Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁴ Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, UK.
⁵ Department of Anthropology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA.
⁶ CNRS/MNHN/Paris Diderot, UMR 7206 Eco-anthropology, Paris, France.
⁷ Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
⁸ School of International Liberal Studies, Chukyo University, Toyota, Aichi, Japan.
⁹ Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK.
¹⁰ Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA.
¹¹ School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
¹² Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, UK.
¹³ Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki, Tokyo, Japan.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 34542218
DOI: 10.1002/evan.21924

Review

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Stacy Lindshield et al. Evol Anthropol. 2021 Nov.

. 2021 Nov;30(6):399-420.

doi: 10.1002/evan.21924. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anthropology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
² Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
³ Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁴ Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, UK.
⁵ Department of Anthropology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA.
⁶ CNRS/MNHN/Paris Diderot, UMR 7206 Eco-anthropology, Paris, France.
⁷ Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
⁸ School of International Liberal Studies, Chukyo University, Toyota, Aichi, Japan.
⁹ Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK.
¹⁰ Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA.
¹¹ School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
¹² Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, UK.
¹³ Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki, Tokyo, Japan.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 34542218
DOI: 10.1002/evan.21924

Abstract

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are the only great apes that inhabit hot, dry, and open savannas. We review the environmental pressures of savannas on chimpanzees, such as food and water scarcity, and the evidence for chimpanzees' behavioral responses to these landscapes. In our analysis, savannas were generally associated with low chimpanzee population densities and large home ranges. In addition, thermoregulatory behaviors that likely reduce hyperthermia risk, such as cave use, were frequently observed in the hottest and driest savanna landscapes. We hypothesize that such responses are evidence of a "savanna landscape effect" in chimpanzees and offer pathways for future research to understand its evolutionary processes and mechanisms. We conclude by discussing the significance of research on savanna chimpanzees to modeling the evolution of early hominin traits and informing conservation programs for these endangered apes.

Keywords: Pan troglodytes; behavioral flexibility; dry environments; mosaic vegetation; primates; seasonality.

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References

REFERENCES

1. Domínguez-Rodrigo M. Is the “savanna hypothesis” a dead concept for explaining the emergence of the earliest hominins? Curr Anthropol. 2014;55:59-81.
1. Cerling TE, Wynn JG, Andanje SA, et al. Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years. Nature. 2011;476:51-56.
1. Foley R. Another Unique Species: Patterns in Human Evolutionary Ecology. Longman Scientific and Technical; 1987.
1. Moore J. “Savanna” chimpanzees. In: Nishida T, WC MG, Marler P, Pickford M, FBM d W, eds. Topics in Primatology, Vol. I: Human Origins. University of Tokyo Press; 1992:99-118.
1. Suzuki A. An ecological study of chimpanzees in a savanna woodland. Primates. 1969;10:103-148.

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Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Affiliations

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

References

REFERENCES

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources