Prognostic value of admission high-sensitivity troponin in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background and aim: Although the diagnostic usefulness of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) is well established in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), its prognostic relevance in risk stratification of patients with STEMI remains obscure. This study sought to determine the prognostic value of pre-reperfusion (admission) and post-reperfusion (12-hour) hs-cTnT in patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).

Methods: Retrospective observational longitudinal study including consecutive patients with STEMI treated with PPCI at a university hospital in the northeast of England. hs-cTnT was measured at admission to the catheterisation laboratory and 12 hours after PPCI. Clinical, procedural and laboratory data were prospectively collected during patient hospitalisation (June 2010-December 2014). Mortality data were obtained from the UK Office of National Statistics. The study endpoints were in-hospital and overall mortality.

Results: A total of 3113 patients were included. Median follow-up was 53 months. Admission hs-cTnT >515 ng/L (fourth quartile) was independently associated with in-hospital mortality (HR=2.53 per highest to lower quartiles; 95% CI: 1.32 to 4.85; p=0.005) after multivariable adjustment for a clinical model of mortality prediction. Likewise, admission hs-cTnT >515 ng/L independently predicted overall mortality (HR=1.27 per highest to lower quartiles; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.59; p=0.029). Admission hs-cTnT correctly reclassified risk for in-hospital death (net reclassification index (NRI)=0.588, p<0.001) and overall mortality (NRI=0.178, p=0.001). Conversely, 12-hour hs-cTnT was not independently associated with mortality.

Conclusion: Admission, but not 12-hour post-reperfusion, hs-cTnT predicts mortality and improves risk stratification in the PPCI era. These results support a prognostic role for admission hs-cTnT while challenge the cost-effectiveness of routine 12-hour hs-cTnT measurements in patients with STEMI.

Keywords: biomarkers; myocardial infarction; percutaneous coronary intervention.