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Review
. 2021 Oct;37(4):895-911.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.05.010. Epub 2021 May 27.

Long-Term Outcomes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Patient Evaluation

Jessica A Palakshappa  1 , Jennifer T W Krall  1 , Lanazha T Belfield  1 , D Clark Files  2
Affiliations
Review

Long-Term Outcomes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Patient Evaluation

Jessica A Palakshappa et al. Crit Care Clin. 2021 Oct.

Abstract

Survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) experience challenges that persist well beyond the time of hospital discharge. Impairment in physical function, cognitive function, and mental health are common and may last for years. The current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is drastically increasing the incidence of ARDS worldwide, and long-term impairments will remain lasting effects of the pandemic. Evaluation of the ARDS survivor should be comprehensive, and common domains of impairment that have emerged from long-term outcomes research over the past 2 decades should be systematically evaluated.

Keywords: Acute lung injury; COVID-19; Cognitive function; Mental health; Physical function; Post–intensive care syndrome; Skeletal muscle.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure Dr J.A. Palakshappa receives support from the Department of Internal Medicine Learning Health System Scholarship and the Center for Healthcare Innovation at Wake Forest School of Medicine. Dr J.T.W. Krall receives support from T32 HL076132-15. Ms L.T. Belfield has no disclosures to report. Dr D.C. Files receives career development support from K08GM123322 related to this work and other funding from the NIH outside the scope of this work. He has worked as a consultant for Cytovale and Medpace, which are outside the scope of this work.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
In the pre-COVID-19 era, declining ARDS mortality was associated with an increase in recognition and prevalence of long-term impairments. In the post-COVID-19 era, there is an anticipated increase in long-term impairments following ARDS even as COVID-19 cases decline.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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