Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Jan;69(1):e29365.
doi: 10.1002/pbc.29365. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Prognostic factors for patients with relapsed central nervous system nongerminomatous germ cell tumors

Mohammad H Abu-Arja  1   2 , Diana S Osorio  2 , Alvaro Lassaletta  3 , Richard T Graham  2   4 , Scott L Coven  2   5 , Joseph R Stanek  2 , Eric Bouffet  6 , Jonathan L Finlay  2 , Mohamed S Abdelbaki  2   7
Affiliations
Review

Prognostic factors for patients with relapsed central nervous system nongerminomatous germ cell tumors

Mohammad H Abu-Arja et al. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

We aimed toidentify prognostic factors that may help better understand the behavior of relapsed central nervous system nongerminomatous germ cell tumors. We identified nine studies, including 101 patients; 33 patients (33%) were alive 12 months post-initial relapse. Sixty percent of patients with serum/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level ≤25 ng/mL at initial diagnosis were survivors compared with 28% among patients with serum/CSF AFP level >25 ng/mL (P = 0.01). Seventy-one percent of patients who achieved complete response/continued complete response (CR/CCR) by the end of therapy at relapse were survivors compared with 7% among patients who had less than CR/CCR (P < 0.0001). Forty-eight percent of patients who received marrow-ablative chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell rescue (HDCx/AuHCR) following relapse were survivors compared with 12% among patients who did not receive HDCx/AuHCR (P = 0.0001). Local relapse site, gross total surgical resection, and radiotherapy at relapse were not associated with improved outcomes.

Keywords: Central nervous system; germ cell tumors; nongerminomatous germ cell tumors; recurrence; relapse.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, et al. WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Revised 4th ed. Lyon: IARC; 2016.
    1. Abu Arja MH, Bouffet E, Finlay JL, AbdelBaki MS. Critical review of the management of primary central nervous nongerminomatous germ cell tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2019;66(6):e27658. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.27658
    1. Murray MJ, Bailey S, Heinemann K, et al. Treatment and outcomes of UK and German patients with relapsed intracranial germ cell tumors following uniform first-line therapy. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(3):621-635. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30755
    1. Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Xu J, et al. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2009-2013. Neuro-Oncology. 2016;18(Suppl_5):v1-v75.
    1. Goldman S, Bouffet E, Fisher PG, et al. Phase II trial assessing the ability of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without second-look surgery to eliminate measurable disease for nongerminomatous germ cell tumors: a Children's Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(22):2464-2471. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2014.59.5132

MeSH terms

Substances

Supplementary concepts

LinkOut - more resources