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. 2021;55(5):427-432.
doi: 10.3103/S0095452721050054. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

Relationship between the Prevalence of ACE1 I/D Polymorphism Genotype II and Covid-19 Morbidity, Mortality in Ukraine and in Some Europe Countries

L A Livshits  1 , T A Harashchenko  2 , T R Umanets  2 , D S Krasnienkov  3 , O V Gorodna  1 , Vl V Podolskiy  2 , T M Kaminska  4 , V F Lapshyn  2 , V V Podolskiy  2 , Yu G Antipkin  2
Affiliations

Relationship between the Prevalence of ACE1 I/D Polymorphism Genotype II and Covid-19 Morbidity, Mortality in Ukraine and in Some Europe Countries

L A Livshits et al. Cytol Genet. 2021.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was first recorded in China in December 2019, quickly spread to other countries and in a short period of time, the local outbreak escalated into a pandemic. There are significantly more cases of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in European countries than in East Asia, where the disease was first detected. Such population differences are unique, especially for SARS-CoV-2 and are due to both socio-behavioral differences and features of the gene pool of the population of different countries. For infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, an important point is the genetic characteristics of individuals, which can determine its resistance or susceptibility to infection. Therefore, studies of the factors of hereditary predisposition to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as severity and mortality are extremely relevant. After genotyping among the healthy population of Ukraine and collecting relevant data from some European countries, we determined the correlation between morbidity, mortality from COVID-19 and the prevalence of genotype II (ACE1, I/D polymorphism) in the populations of Ukraine and several European countries. There was a negative correlation between the carrier of genotype II and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection per one million population (R = -0.53, p < 0.05), so individuals with genotype II can be considered more resistant to infection SARS-CoV-2. Further study of the role of allelic variants of the ACE1 gene in the development of severity and complications affected patients of COVID-19, are promising for identified of genetic markers for development of personalized therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDSConflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Statement of compliance with standards of research involving humans as subjects. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants involved in the study. DECLARATION OF COMPETING INTERESTThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Electrophoregram of separation of PCR fragments of the ACE gene product (I/D) in 2% agarose gel. Lane 1– negative control, 2, 3–II, 4, 5–I/D, 6, 7–DD, M–molecular weight marker (Ladder 100 b.p.).
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Relationship between incidence of COVID-19 and the prevalence of genotype II of the ACE1 gene (%) in Ukraine and European countries.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Relationship between mortality from COVID-19 and prevalence of genotype II of the ACE1 gene (%) in Ukraine and European countries.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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