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. 2021 Sep 8;10(9):2360.
doi: 10.3390/cells10092360.

The TLR9 2848C/T Polymorphism Is Associated with the CMV DNAemia among HIV/CMV Co-Infected Patients

Agnieszka Jabłońska  1 , Elżbieta Jabłonowska  2 , Mirosława Studzińska  1 , Juliusz Kamerys  2 , Edyta Paradowska  1
Affiliations

The TLR9 2848C/T Polymorphism Is Associated with the CMV DNAemia among HIV/CMV Co-Infected Patients

Agnieszka Jabłońska et al. Cells. .

Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and are essential components of the host's innate immune response. The aim of this study was to determine the TLR9 genotype frequency and investigate the association between TLR9 polymorphisms and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/CMV co-infected patients. A total of 205 HIV/CMV co-infected adults were screened for the presence of the four TLR9 polymorphisms (-1237T/C, -1486T/C, 1174G/A, and 2848C/T) by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Mutation presented in at least one allele of the TLR9 2848C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was associated with the occurrence of CMV DNAemia among HIV-infected patients with CMV co-infection (p = 0.004). The level of CMV DNA was higher in patients who were homozygous recessive or heterozygous for the 2848C/T polymorphism compared with those who had a wild-type genotype for this polymorphism (p = 0.005). Mutation detected in at least one allele of this SNP was also associated with a lower interferon type β (IFN-β) concentration (p = 0.048), while no relationships between TLR9 -1237T/C, -1486T/C, and 1174G/A SNPs and CMV DNAemia were observed. Our findings suggest that the mutation present in at least one allele of the TLR9 2848C/T SNP may be associated with the active CMV infection in HIV/CMV co-infected subjects.

Keywords: cytomegalovirus; human immunodeficiency virus; single nucleotide polymorphism; toll-like receptor.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of the CMV DNAemia level in HIV/CMV co-infected subjects with or without the specific TLR9 2848C/T SNP (n = 205). Bars in the scatter dot plot represent the mean viral loads and whiskers represent the standard error of the mean (SEM) values. p-value via a Mann–Whitney U test.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Interferon-β (IFN-β) levels by TLR9 2848C/T SNP in HIV/CMV co-infected patients. Bars represent the mean values and standard error of the mean (mean ± SEM) of the IFN-β concentration. p < 0.05 via a Mann-Whitney U test.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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