Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Atiqul Haq Mazumder¹, Jennifer Barnett², Erkki Tapio Isometsä^{3

4}, Nina Lindberg³, Minna Torniainen-Holm⁵, Markku Lähteenvuo^{6

7}, Kaisla Lahdensuo^{7

8}, Martta Kerkelä¹, Ari Ahola-Olli⁷, Jarmo Hietala^{9

10}, Olli Kampman^{11

12}, Tuula Kieseppä^{3

7

8}, Tuomas Jukuri^{1

7}, Katja Häkkinen^{6

7}, Erik Cederlöf⁵, Willehard Haaki^{7

9}, Risto Kajanne⁷, Asko Wegelius^{3

5

7}, Teemu Männynsalo^{7

13}, Jussi Niemi-Pynttäri^{7

13}, Kimmo Suokas^{7

11}, Jouko Lönnqvist^{4

5}, Jari Tiihonen^{6

14

15}, Tiina Paunio^{3

5

13}, Seppo Juhani Vainio^{16

17

18

19}, Aarno Palotie^{7

8

20

21}, Solja Niemelä^{9

10}, Jaana Suvisaari⁵, Juha Veijola^{1

22}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
² Cambridge Cognition, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB25 9TU, UK.
³ Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
⁵ Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00271 Helsinki, Finland.
⁶ Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, 70240 Kuopio, Finland.
⁷ Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
⁸ Mehiläinen, Pohjoinen Hesperiankatu 17 C, 00260 Helsinki, Finland.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
¹¹ Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
¹² Department of Psychiatry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, 33521 Tampere, Finland.
¹³ Social Services and Health Care Sector, City of Helsinki, 00099 Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁵ Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm City Council, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁶ Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
¹⁷ Northern Finland Biobank Borealis, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland.
¹⁸ Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
¹⁹ Kvantum Institute, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
²⁰ Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
²¹ Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
²² Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland.

PMID: 34573174
PMCID: PMC8467646
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091154

Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Atiqul Haq Mazumder et al. Brain Sci. 2021.

. 2021 Aug 30;11(9):1154.

doi: 10.3390/brainsci11091154.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
² Cambridge Cognition, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB25 9TU, UK.
³ Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
⁵ Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00271 Helsinki, Finland.
⁶ Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, 70240 Kuopio, Finland.
⁷ Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
⁸ Mehiläinen, Pohjoinen Hesperiankatu 17 C, 00260 Helsinki, Finland.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
¹¹ Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
¹² Department of Psychiatry, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, 33521 Tampere, Finland.
¹³ Social Services and Health Care Sector, City of Helsinki, 00099 Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁵ Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm City Council, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁶ Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
¹⁷ Northern Finland Biobank Borealis, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland.
¹⁸ Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
¹⁹ Kvantum Institute, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
²⁰ Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
²¹ Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
²² Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland.

PMID: 34573174
PMCID: PMC8467646
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091154

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the association of cognition with hazardous drinking and alcohol-related disorder in persons with bipolar disorder (BD). The study population included 1268 persons from Finland with bipolar disorder. Alcohol use was assessed through hazardous drinking and alcohol-related disorder including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hazardous drinking was screened with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test for Consumption (AUDIT-C) screening tool. Alcohol-related disorder diagnoses were obtained from the national registrar data. Participants performed two computerized tasks from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) on A tablet computer: the 5-choice serial reaction time task, or reaction time (RT) test and the Paired Associative Learning (PAL) test. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Mental Health Inventory with five items (MHI-5). However, no assessment of current manic symptoms was available. Association between RT-test and alcohol use was analyzed with log-linear regression, and eβ with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. PAL first trial memory score was analyzed with linear regression, and β with 95% CI are reported. PAL total errors adjusted was analyzed with logistic regression and odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI are reported. After adjustment of age, education, housing status and depression, hazardous drinking was associated with lower median and less variable RT in females while AUD was associated with a poorer PAL test performance in terms of the total errors adjusted scores in females. Our findings of positive associations between alcohol use and cognition in persons with bipolar disorder are difficult to explain because of the methodological flaw of not being able to separately assess only participants in euthymic phase.

Keywords: alcohol; bipolar disorder; cognition; reaction time; visual memory.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Flowchart showing the selected study population. SUPER, Suomalainen psykoosisairauksien perinnöllisyysmekanismien tutkimus; MHI-5, mental health inventory-5; RT, reaction time; PAL, paired associative learning.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Affiliations

Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources