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Review
. 2021 Aug 27;12(9):1330.
doi: 10.3390/genes12091330.

Chromosomal Aberrations in Cattle

Beáta Holečková  1 , Viera Schwarzbacherová  1 , Martina Galdíková  1 , Simona Koleničová  1 , Jana Halušková  1 , Jana Staničová  2   3 , Valéria Verebová  3 , Annamária Jutková  1
Affiliations
Review

Chromosomal Aberrations in Cattle

Beáta Holečková et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

Chromosomal aberrations and their mechanisms have been studied for many years in livestock. In cattle, chromosomal abnormalities are often associated with serious reproduction-related problems, such as infertility of carriers and early mortality of embryos. In the present work, we review the mechanisms and consequences of the most important bovine chromosomal aberrations: Robertsonian translocations and reciprocal translocations. We also discuss the application of bovine cell cultures in genotoxicity studies.

Keywords: Robertsonian translocations; aberrations; cattle; chromosomes; genotoxic agents; reciprocal translocations.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Standard GTG-banded karyotype of cattle (Cribiu et al., 2001). Reprinted with permission from ref. [11]. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Examples of chromosomal combinations in embryos resulting from the mating of a heterozygous carrier bull 1;29 and a normal cow.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Robertsonian translocation 1;29 in bull (Slovak spotted breed). (A) Giemsa staining of chromosomes. (B) Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) with whole chromosome painting probes for bovine chromosome 1 (BTA1, red) and 29 (BTA29, green). Circle indicates a fusion.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bull metaphases exposed to pesticides in vitro. (a) Isochromatid break after exposure to tebuconazole/prothioconazole-based fungicide formulation indicated by an arrow (b) Chromatid exchanges after exposure to tebuconazole-based fungicide marked with three separate arrows (c) Chromatid exchange (the longest arrow), breaks (shorter arrow and arrowhead), and fragmentation (many breaks in the metaphase) after tebuconazole-based fungicide exposure. (d) Normal metaphase hybridised with WCP probes BTA 1 and BTA 5. (e) Normal metaphase hybridised with WCP probes BTA 1, BTA 5, and BTA 7. (f) Aneuploidy. Three copies of chromosome 5 (BTA 5) are visible in the metaphase plate. Metaphase originates from cultures treated with tebuconazole-based fungicide formulation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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