Attitudes towards Participation in a Passive Data Collection Experiment

Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of an exploratory study conducted in Hungary using a factorial design-based online survey to explore the willingness to participate in a future research project based on active and passive data collection via smartphones. Recently, the improvement of smart devices has enabled the collection of behavioural data on a previously unimaginable scale. However, the willingness to share this data is a key issue for the social sciences and often proves to be the biggest obstacle to conducting research. In this paper we use vignettes to test different (hypothetical) study settings that involve sensor data collection but differ in the organizer of the research, the purpose of the study and the type of collected data, the duration of data sharing, the number of incentives and the ability to suspend and review the collection of data. Besides the demographic profile of respondents, we also include behavioural and attitudinal variables to the models. Our results show that the content and context of the data collection significantly changes people's willingness to participate, however their basic demographic characteristics (apart from age) and general level of trust seem to have no significant effect. This study is a first step in a larger project that involves the development of a complex smartphone-based research tool for hybrid (active and passive) data collection. The results presented in this paper help improve our experimental design to encourage participation by minimizing data sharing concerns and maximizing user participation and motivation.

Keywords: data fusion; informed consent; surveys.

Figure A1

Comparison of responses for original vignettes vs. control vignette.

Figure 1

Predicted values of cross-level interactions. (a) Length of study with smartphone usage. (b) Length of study with concerns overs passive data collection. (c) Number of incentives with smartphone usage. (d) Number of incentives with concerns over passive data collection. (e) Interruption and control with age. (f) Interruption and control with smartphone usage.