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. 2021 Sep 21;13(18):3200.
doi: 10.3390/polym13183200.

Effect of Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Thermoplastic Resin on Flexural Strength of Fibre-Reinforced Composite and the Penetration of Bonding Resin into Semi-IPN FRC Post

Minori Hatta  1 , Akikazu Shinya  2   3 , Harunori Gomi  1 , Pekka K Vallittu  3 , Eija Säilynoja  3   4 , Lippo V J Lassila  3
Affiliations

Effect of Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) Thermoplastic Resin on Flexural Strength of Fibre-Reinforced Composite and the Penetration of Bonding Resin into Semi-IPN FRC Post

Minori Hatta et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) thermoplastic resin on the flexural strength of fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) with different IPN polymer compositions. The penetration of bonding resin into semi-IPN FRC posts was also evaluated. The IPN thermoplastic resin used was UDMA-MMA monomer with either PMMA (0.5%, 2%, 5%) or PMMA-copolymer (0.5%, 2%). A no added IPN polymer resin was also made. Mixed resin was impregnated to S- and E-glass fibre rovings. These resins and resin impregnated fibres were used for flexural strength (FS) test. To evaluate the penetration of bonding resin into semi-IPN post, SEM observation was done with various impregnation time and polymerization mehods (hand-light- and oven-cure). The result of FS was recorded from 111.7 MPa (no-IPN polymer/no-fibre-reinforcement) to 543.0 MPa (5% PMMA/S-glass FRC). ANOVA showed that there were significant differences between fibre-reinforcement and no-fibre-reinforcement (p < 0.01) both in S- and E-glass fibre groups, and between 0.5% PMMA and 5% PMMA in the S-glass FRC group. SEM micrographs showed that the penetration layers of bonding resin into hand-light cured semi-IPN posts were different according to impregnation time. Fibre reinforcement is effective to improve flexural strength. The depth of penetration layer of bonding resin into semi-IPN matrix resin was improved when a hand-light cure was used.

Keywords: PMMA; fibre post; fibre-reinforced composite; flexural strength; interpenetrating polymer network; post and core.

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Conflict of interest statement

E.S. works in the research development and production department at Stick Tech Ltd.—A member of the GC Group. P.V. declares that he consults for Stick Tech—a member of the GC Group, in training and RD. Other authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
3-point bending (FS) test (a) and the schematic drawings of specimens from front side (b): upper; No fibre reinforced specimen and lower; fibre reinforced specimen: a bundle of S2 or E resin impregnated glass fibres is placed on the bottom (tensile) side. Specimen size is 2 mm × 2 mm × 25 mm. The distance between two supports is 20 mm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flexural strength of IPN thermoplastic resin with no fibre reinforcement.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flexural strength of IPN thermoplastic resin with S-glass fibre reinforcement.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Mean flexural strength of IPN thermoplastic resin with E-glass fibre reinforcement.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM photographs of the penetration conditions of priming agents into everStick POST: (a) hand light cured after 1 min, 5 min, 1 h, and 24 h, (b) oven cured after 1 min, 5 min, 1 h, and 24 h of immersion time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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