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. 2021 Aug 29;10(9):1798.
doi: 10.3390/plants10091798.

Persicaria lapathifolia Essential Oil: Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant Activity, and Allelopathic Effect on the Weed Echinochloa colona

Ahmed M Abd-ElGawad  1   2 , Giuliano Bonanomi  3   4 , Sarah A Al-Rashed  5 , Abdelsamed I Elshamy  6
Affiliations

Persicaria lapathifolia Essential Oil: Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant Activity, and Allelopathic Effect on the Weed Echinochloa colona

Ahmed M Abd-ElGawad et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

The exploration of new green, ecofriendly bioactive compounds has attracted the attention of researchers and scientists worldwide to avoid the harmful effects of chemically synthesized compounds. Persicaria lapathifolia has been reported to have various bioactive compounds, while its essential oil (EO) has not been determined yet. The current work dealt with the first description of the chemical composition of the EO from the aerial parts of P. lapathifolia, along with studying its free radical scavenging activity and herbicidal effect on the weed Echinochloa colona. Twenty-one volatile compounds were identified via GC-MS analysis. Nonterpenoids were the main components, with a relative concentration of 58.69%, in addition to terpenoids (37.86%) and carotenoid-derived compounds (1.75%). n-dodecanal (22.61%), α-humulene (11.29%), 2,4-dimethylicosane (8.97%), 2E-hexenoic acid (8.04%), γ-nonalactone (3.51%), and limonene (3.09%) were characterized as main compounds. The extracted EO exhibited substantial allelopathic activity against the germination, seedling root, and shoot growth of the weed E. colona in a dose-dependent manner, showing IC50 values of 77.27, 60.84, and 33.80 mg L-1, respectively. In addition, the P. lapathifolia EO showed substantial antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant. The EO attained IC50 values of 159.69 and 230.43 mg L-1, for DPPH and ABTS, respectively, while ascorbic acid exhibited IC50 values 47.49 and 56.68 mg L-1, respectively. The present results showed that the emergent leafy stems of aquatic plants such as P. lapathifolia have considerably low content of the EO, which exhibited substantial activities such as antioxidant and allelopathic activities. Further study is recommended to evaluate the effects of various environmental and climatic conditions on the production and composition of the EOs of P. lapathifolia.

Keywords: essential oil; green chemistry; herbicides; pale smartweed; phytotoxicity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre: (a) overview of the aerial parts growing on the canal bank habitat, (b) close view of the aerial parts, and (c) close view of the inflorescence.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Allelopathic activity of the Persicaria lapathifolia essential oil. (a) Inhibitory effect on the germination, seedling root, and shoot growth of the weed Echinochloa colona; (b) IC50 values. Different letters mean a significant difference in values after Tukey’s HSD test (p < 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Antioxidant activity of Persicaria lapathifolia essential oil (a) and ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant (b). Different letters mean a significant difference in values after Tukey’s HSD test (p < 0.05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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