Effect of dietary interventions on inflammatory biomarkers of inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic review of clinical trials

Abstract

Objectives: In this review, we systematically assess whether dietary interventions are effective in attenuating inflammatory biomarkers in IBDs based on clinical trials available in the literature.

Research methods & procedures: This review was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the PRISMA. We used the PubMed and SciVerse Scopus databases and the Cochrane collaboration tool to assess the risk of bias in clinical trials. The PICO (patient, intervention, comparison, and outcomes) strategy was used, with the descriptors: "Inflammatory bowel disease", "Crohn's disease", "cd", "ibd", "ulcerative colitis", "uc", "Diet", "Diet Habits", "Feeding", "Nutrients", "Food Intake", "Dietary patterns", "Inflammations", "Inflammation", "acute-phase proteins", "C-reactive protein", "interleukins", "tumor necrosis factor-alpha" and "inflammatory response". There is no conflict of interest.

Data analysis: Fifteen studies were included, with a total of 627 participants. Of the total studies included, seven showed a reduction in some inflammatory markers in response to dietary interventions. This review was registered with the PROSPERO platform under number: CRD42021235150.

Conclusions: The results presented in this review reveal that dietary intervention with specific characteristics may be important during the treatment of the inflammatory process in patients with IBDs.

Keywords: Crohn's disease; Diet therapy; Inflammatory Biomarkers; Inflammatory bowel disease; Ulcerative colitis.