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. 2022 Apr 1;275(4):663-672.
doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005226.

Postpancreatectomy Acute Pancreatitis (PPAP): Definition and Grading From the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS)

Giovanni Marchegiani  1 , Savio George Barreto  2 , Elisa Bannone  1 , Michael Sarr  3 , Charles M Vollmer  4 , Saxon Connor  5 , Massimo Falconi  6 , Marc G Besselink  7 , Roberto Salvia  1 , Christopher L Wolfgang  8 , Nicholas J Zyromski  9 , Charles J Yeo  10 , Mustapha Adham  11 , Ajith K Siriwardena  12 , Kyoichi Takaori  13 , Mohammad Abu Hilal  14 , Martin Loos  15 , Pascal Probst  15 , Thilo Hackert  15 , Oliver Strobel  15 , Olivier R C Busch  7 , Keith D Lillemoe  16 , Yi Miao  17 , Christopher M Halloran  18 , Jens Werner  19 , Helmut Friess  20 , Jakob R Izbicki  21 , Maximillian Bockhorn  22 , Yogesh K Vashist  23 , Kevin Conlon  24 , Ioannis Passas  25 , Luca Gianotti  26 , Marco Del Chiaro  27 , Richard D Schulick  28 , Marco Montorsi  29 , Attila Oláh  30 , Giuseppe Kito Fusai  31 , Alejandro Serrablo  32 , Alessandro Zerbi  26 , Abe Fingerhut  33 , Roland Andersson  28 , Robert Padbury  2 , Christos Dervenis  24 , John P Neoptolemos  15 , Claudio Bassi  1 , Markus W Büchler  15 , Shailesh V Shrikhande  26 ; International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery
Affiliations

Postpancreatectomy Acute Pancreatitis (PPAP): Definition and Grading From the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS)

Giovanni Marchegiani et al. Ann Surg. .

Abstract

Objective: The ISGPS aimed to develop a universally accepted definition for PPAP for standardized reporting and outcome comparison.

Background: PPAP is an increasingly recognized complication after partial pancreatic resections, but its incidence and clinical impact, and even its existence are variable because an internationally accepted consensus definition and grading system are lacking.

Methods: The ISGPS developed a consensus definition and grading of PPAP with its members after an evidence review and after a series of discussions and multiple revisions from April 2020 to May 2021.

Results: We defined PPAP as an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreatic remnant beginning within the first 3 postoperative days after a partial pancreatic resection. The diagnosis requires (1) a sustained postoperative serum hyperamylasemia (POH) greater than the institutional upper limit of normal for at least the first 48 hours postoperatively, (2) associated with clinically relevant features, and (3) radiologic alterations consistent with PPAP. Three different PPAP grades were defined based on the clinical impact: (1) grade postoperative hyperamylasemia, biochemical changes only; (2) grade B, mild or moderate complications; and (3) grade C, severe life-threatening complications.

Discussions: The present definition and grading scale of PPAP, based on biochemical, radiologic, and clinical criteria, are instrumental for a better understanding of PPAP and the spectrum of postoperative complications related to this emerging entity. The current terminology will serve as a reference point for standard assessment and lend itself to developing specific treatments and prevention strategies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

References

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