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. 2022 Apr;43(4):2571-2578.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05636-x. Epub 2021 Oct 2.

ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen-Phone Version (ALS-CBS™-PhV): norms, psychometrics, and diagnostics in an Italian population sample

Edoardo Nicolò Aiello  1 , Antonella Esposito  2 , Ilaria Giannone  2 , Lorenzo Diana  3 , Susan Woolley  4 , Jennifer Murphy  5 , Georgia Christodoulou  6 , Lucio Tremolizzo  7 , Nadia Bolognini #  2   8 , Ildebrando Appollonio #  7
Affiliations

ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen-Phone Version (ALS-CBS™-PhV): norms, psychometrics, and diagnostics in an Italian population sample

Edoardo Nicolò Aiello et al. Neurol Sci. 2022 Apr.

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Up to 50% of motor neuron disease (MND) patients show neuropsychological deficits which negatively affect prognosis and care. However, disability-related logistical issues and uneven geographical coverage of healthcare services may prevent MND patients from accessing neuropsychological evaluations. This study thus aimed to standardize for the Italian population the ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen-Phone Version (ALS-CBS™-PhV), an MND-specific, telephone-based screening for frontotemporal dysfunction.

Methods: The cognitive section of the ALS-CBS™-PhV, the Italian telephone-based Mini-Mental State Examination (Itel-MMSE), and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) was administered to 359 healthy individuals (143 males, 216 females; age, 52.7 ± 15.8; education, 13.1 ± 4.4). Norms were derived through equivalent scores. Validity, factorial structure, reliability, diagnostic accuracy, and item difficulty and discrimination were examined. Statistical equivalence between the telephone-based and in-person versions was tested.

Results: ALS-CBS™-PhV measures were predicted by age and education. The ALS-CBS™-PhV reflected a mono-component structure, converged with Itel-MMSE and TICS scores (rs = .23-.51) and was equivalent to its in-person format (t = .37; p = .72). Good internal (Cronbach's α = .61), test-retest (ICC = .69), and inter-rater (ICC = .96) reliability was detected. High accuracy was found when tested against both the Itel-MMSE and the TICS (AUC = .82-89). Backward digit span items were the most discriminative.

Discussion: The ALS-CBS™-PhV is a statistically solid screening test for frontotemporal disorders featuring MND. Its standardization allows for (1) improvements in tele-healthcare for MND patients, (2) epidemiological applications, and (3) effective assessments in decentralized clinical trials. The ALS-CBS™-PhV can be also suitable for assessing bedridden and visually impaired patients with motor disorders.

Keywords: Cognitive screening; Frontotemporal degeneration; Motor neuron disease; Normative data; Psychometrics; Telephone-based.

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Conflict of interest statement

E. N. A., L. D., N. B., and I.A. are editing the Italian standardization of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status on behalf of Giunti Psychometrics. S. W. is the lead author and copyright holder of the original ALS-CBS™ and receives licensing fees for its application in non-academic clinical trials. J. M. is employed by Biogen but does not directly participate in Biogen ALS studies. A. E., I. G., G. C., and L. T. have nothing to declare.

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