Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Nov;78(5):1232-1240.
doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18075. Epub 2021 Oct 4.

Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Health: Joint Relations to the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease

Ramachandran S Vasan  1   2   3 , Stephanie Pan  4 , Martin G Larson  2   4 , Gary F Mitchell  5 , Vanessa Xanthakis  1   2   4
Affiliations

Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Health: Joint Relations to the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease

Ramachandran S Vasan et al. Hypertension. 2021 Nov.

Abstract

[Figure: see text].

Keywords: aging; atherosclerosis; calcium; cardiovascular disease; carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures

Gary F. Mitchell is the owner of Cardiovascular Engineering, Inc., a company that designs and manufactures devices that measure vascular stiffness. The company uses these devices in clinical trials that evaluate the effects of diseases and interventions on vascular stiffness. He also reports receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health and Novartis and consulting fees from Novartis, Bayer, Merck, and Servier.

The remaining authors report no conflicts.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Derivation of the study sample.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Panel A. Unadjusted cumulative incidence of CVD according to the number of suboptimal measures (i.e., four groups defined based on zero, one, two, and three suboptimal measures among CAC, higher CFPWV [>sex-specific median value] and poor CVH [score of 0-7]). Panel B. Age and sex-adjusted probability of developing CVD according to the number of suboptimal measures (CAC, CFPWV, and CVH). Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the age- and sex-adjusted probabilities.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Fernández-Friera L, Peñalvo JL, Fernández-Ortiz A, Ibañez B, López-Melgar B, Laclaustra M, Oliva B, Mocoroa A, Mendiguren J and Martinez de Vega V. Prevalence, vascular distribution, and multiterritorial extent of subclinical atherosclerosis in a middle-aged cohort: the PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) study. Circulation. 2015;131:2104–2113 - PubMed
    1. Simon A, Giral P and Levenson J. Extracoronary atherosclerotic plaque at multiple sites and total coronary calcification deposit in asymptomatic men: association with coronary risk profile. Circulation. 1995;92:1414–1421 - PubMed
    1. Sutton-Tyrrell K, Kuller LH, Matthews KA, Holubkov R, Patel A, Edmundowicz D and Newman A. Subclinical atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds: an index of atherosclerotic burden evaluated in postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis. 2002;160:407–416 - PubMed
    1. Greenland P, Blaha MJ, Budoff MJ, Erbel R and Watson KE. Coronary calcium score and cardiovascular risk. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2018;72:434–447 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lo-Kioeng-Shioe MS, Rijlaarsdam-Hermsen D, van Domburg RT, Hadamitzky M, Lima JA, Hoeks SE and Deckers JW. Prognostic value of coronary artery calcium score in symptomatic individuals: A meta-analysis of 34,000 subjects. International journal of cardiology. 2020;299:56–62 - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms