Advice on assistance and protection provided by the Scientific Advisory Board of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons: Part 3. On medical care and treatment of injuries from sulfur mustard

Christopher M Timperley¹, Jonathan E Forman², Mohammad Abdollahi³, Abdullah Saeed Al-Amri⁴, Augustin Baulig⁵, Djafer Benachour⁶, Veronica Borrett⁷, Flerida A Cariño⁸, Christophe Curty⁹, Michael Geist¹⁰, David Gonzalez¹¹, William Kane¹², Zrinka Kovarik¹³, Roberto Martínez-Álvarez¹⁴, Nicia Maria Fusaro Mourão¹⁵, Slawomir Neffe¹⁶, Syed K Raza¹⁷, Valentin Rubaylo¹⁸, Alejandra Graciela Suárez¹⁹, Koji Takeuchi²⁰, Cheng Tang²¹, Ferruccio Trifirò²², Francois Mauritz van Straten²³, Paula S Vanninen²⁴, Slavica Vučinić²⁵, Volodymyr Zaitsev²⁶, Muhammad Zafar-Uz-Zaman²⁷, Mongia Saïd Zina²⁸, Stian Holen²⁹, Wesam S Alwan³⁰, Vivek Suri³¹, Peter J Hotchkiss³², Mostafa Ghanei³³

Affiliations

¹ Chair of the OPCW SAB from 2015-2018, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom. Electronic address: cmtimperley@dstl.gov.uk.
² Science Policy Adviser and Secretary to the SAB, OPCW, The Hague, 2417, JR, the Netherlands, from 2015-2018.
³ Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
⁴ Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale (SGDSN), Paris, France.
⁶ LMPMP, Faculty of Technology, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif-1, Algeria.
⁷ La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
⁸ University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines.
⁹ Spiez Laboratory, Spiez, Switzerland.
¹⁰ BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
¹¹ Facultad De Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
¹² Consultant to Monsanto Company, LA, USA.
¹³ Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
¹⁴ Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
¹⁵ Brazilian Chemical Industry, São Paulo, Brazil.
¹⁶ Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁷ Chairperson Accreditation Committee, National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), India.
¹⁸ State Scientific Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology (GosNIIOKhT), Moscow, Russian Federation.
¹⁹ Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina.
²⁰ National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan.
²¹ Office for the Disposal of Japanese Abandoned Chemical Weapons, Ministry of National Defence, Beijing, China.
²² Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
²³ Independent Former OPCW SAB Member, South Africa.
²⁴ VERIFIN, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
²⁵ National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.
²⁶ Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
²⁷ National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM), Islamabad, Pakistan.
²⁸ Faculty of Sciences of Tunis (FST), Tunis, Tunisia.
²⁹ Head of Strategy and Policy at the OPCW from 2009 to 2015.
³⁰ Medicinal Chemistry Department, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia.
³¹ Intern in the OPCW Office of Strategy and Policy, Summer 2018.
³² Senior Science Policy Officer and Secretary to the SAB, OPCW, The Hague, 2417, JR, the Netherlands. Electronic address: peter.hotchkiss@opcw.org.
³³ Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

PMID: 34619302
DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152967

Review

Advice on assistance and protection provided by the Scientific Advisory Board of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons: Part 3. On medical care and treatment of injuries from sulfur mustard

Christopher M Timperley et al. Toxicology. 2021 Nov.

. 2021 Nov:463:152967.

doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152967. Epub 2021 Oct 4.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Chair of the OPCW SAB from 2015-2018, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom. Electronic address: cmtimperley@dstl.gov.uk.
² Science Policy Adviser and Secretary to the SAB, OPCW, The Hague, 2417, JR, the Netherlands, from 2015-2018.
³ Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
⁴ Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale (SGDSN), Paris, France.
⁶ LMPMP, Faculty of Technology, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif-1, Algeria.
⁷ La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
⁸ University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines.
⁹ Spiez Laboratory, Spiez, Switzerland.
¹⁰ BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
¹¹ Facultad De Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
¹² Consultant to Monsanto Company, LA, USA.
¹³ Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
¹⁴ Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
¹⁵ Brazilian Chemical Industry, São Paulo, Brazil.
¹⁶ Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁷ Chairperson Accreditation Committee, National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), India.
¹⁸ State Scientific Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology (GosNIIOKhT), Moscow, Russian Federation.
¹⁹ Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina.
²⁰ National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan.
²¹ Office for the Disposal of Japanese Abandoned Chemical Weapons, Ministry of National Defence, Beijing, China.
²² Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
²³ Independent Former OPCW SAB Member, South Africa.
²⁴ VERIFIN, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
²⁵ National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.
²⁶ Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
²⁷ National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM), Islamabad, Pakistan.
²⁸ Faculty of Sciences of Tunis (FST), Tunis, Tunisia.
²⁹ Head of Strategy and Policy at the OPCW from 2009 to 2015.
³⁰ Medicinal Chemistry Department, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia.
³¹ Intern in the OPCW Office of Strategy and Policy, Summer 2018.
³² Senior Science Policy Officer and Secretary to the SAB, OPCW, The Hague, 2417, JR, the Netherlands. Electronic address: peter.hotchkiss@opcw.org.
³³ Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

PMID: 34619302
DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152967

Abstract

Blister agents damage the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and subcutaneous tissues. Other toxic effects may occur after absorption. The response of the Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) to a request from the OPCW Director-General in 2013 on the status of medical countermeasures and treatments to blister agents is updated through the incorporation of the latest information. The physical and toxicological properties of sulfur mustard and clinical effects and treatments are summarised. The information should assist medics and emergency responders who may be unfamiliar with the toxidrome of sulfur mustard and its treatment.

Keywords: Blister agent; Chemical warfare agent; Chemical weapons; Medical management; OPCW; Sulfur mustard.

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Advice on assistance and protection provided by the Scientific Advisory Board of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons: Part 3. On medical care and treatment of injuries from sulfur mustard

Affiliations

Advice on assistance and protection provided by the Scientific Advisory Board of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons: Part 3. On medical care and treatment of injuries from sulfur mustard

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Affiliations

Abstract

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Medical