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. 2021 Oct 9;22(10):53.
doi: 10.1007/s11934-021-01069-3.

The Ascent of Artificial Intelligence in Endourology: a Systematic Review Over the Last 2 Decades

B M Zeeshan Hameed  1   2 , Milap Shah  1   2 , Nithesh Naik  3   4 , Bhavan Prasad Rai  2   5 , Hadis Karimi  6 , Patrick Rice  7 , Peter Kronenberg  8 , Bhaskar Somani  1   2   7
Affiliations

The Ascent of Artificial Intelligence in Endourology: a Systematic Review Over the Last 2 Decades

B M Zeeshan Hameed et al. Curr Urol Rep. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: To highlight and review the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in kidney stone disease (KSD) for diagnostics, predicting procedural outcomes, stone passage, and recurrence rates. The systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist.

Recent findings: This review discusses the newer advancements in AI-driven management strategies, which holds great promise to provide an essential step for personalized patient care and improved decision making. AI has been used in all areas of KSD including diagnosis, for predicting treatment suitability and success, basic science, quality of life (QOL), and recurrence of stone disease. However, it is still a research-based tool and is not used universally in clinical practice. This could be due to a lack of data infrastructure needed to train the algorithms, wider applicability in all groups of patients, complexity of its use and cost involved with it. The constantly evolving literature and future research should focus more on QOL and the cost of KSD treatment and develop evidence-based AI algorithms that can be used universally, to guide urologists in the management of stone disease.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; ESWL; Endourology; Machine learning; PCNL; Ureteroscopy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flowchart of the literature selection process for articles
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A descriptive summary of number studies on artificial intelligence in endourology and the models used under each field
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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