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Multicenter Study
. 2022 Apr:243:61-68.e2.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.09.058. Epub 2021 Oct 7.

Neonatal Seizure Management: Is the Timing of Treatment Critical?

Andreea M Pavel  1 , Janet M Rennie  2 , Linda S de Vries  3 , Mats Blennow  4 , Adrienne Foran  5 , Divyen K Shah  6 , Ronit M Pressler  7 , Olga Kapellou  8 , Eugene M Dempsey  1 , Sean R Mathieson  1 , Elena Pavlidis  1 , Lauren C Weeke  3 , Vicki Livingstone  1 , Deirdre M Murray  1 , William P Marnane  9 , Geraldine B Boylan  10
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Neonatal Seizure Management: Is the Timing of Treatment Critical?

Andreea M Pavel et al. J Pediatr. 2022 Apr.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of the time to treatment of the first electrographic seizure on subsequent seizure burden and describe overall seizure management in a large neonatal cohort.

Study design: Newborns (36-44 weeks of gestation) requiring electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring recruited to 2 multicenter European studies were included. Infants who received antiseizure medication exclusively after electrographic seizure onset were grouped based on the time to treatment of the first seizure: antiseizure medication within 1 hour, between 1 and 2 hours, and after 2 hours. Outcomes measured were seizure burden, maximum seizure burden, status epilepticus, number of seizures, and antiseizure medication dose over the first 24 hours after seizure onset.

Results: Out of 472 newborns recruited, 154 (32.6%) had confirmed electrographic seizures. Sixty-nine infants received antiseizure medication exclusively after the onset of electrographic seizure, including 21 infants within 1 hour of seizure onset, 15 between 1 and 2 hours after seizure onset, and 33 at >2 hours after seizure onset. Significantly lower seizure burden and fewer seizures were noted in the infants treated with antiseizure medication within 1 hour of seizure onset (P = .029 and .035, respectively). Overall, 258 of 472 infants (54.7%) received antiseizure medication during the study period, of whom 40 without electrographic seizures received treatment exclusively during EEG monitoring and 11 with electrographic seizures received no treatment.

Conclusions: Treatment of neonatal seizures may be time-critical, but more research is needed to confirm this. Improvements in neonatal seizure diagnosis and treatment are also needed.

Keywords: antiseizure medication; encephalopathy; newborn; seizures.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study flow diagram. ASM, anti-seizure medication; EEG, electroencephalography.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Seizure burden within 24 hours from electrographic seizure onset by treatment groups (boxplot). ASM, anti-seizure medication.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

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