Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Sep 22:12:586753.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.586753. eCollection 2021.

Effect of Training and Detraining in the Components of Physical Fitness in People Living With HIV/AIDS

Juliany de Souza Araujo  1 , Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de Medeiros  2   3 , Tatiane Andreza Lima da Silva  2 , Danielle Coutinho de Medeiros  1 , Jason Azevedo de Medeiros  2 , Isis Kelly Dos Santos  2 , Phelipe Wilde  1 , Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral  1 , Radamés Maciel Vitor Medeiros  1 , Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas  1   2
Affiliations

Effect of Training and Detraining in the Components of Physical Fitness in People Living With HIV/AIDS

Juliany de Souza Araujo et al. Front Physiol. .

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of training and detraining on the physical fitness components of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). The study was characterized as experimental with a sample composed of 21 people divided into two groups: 11 volunteers (PLHA, 46.9 ± 8.0 years, 63.8 ± 12.7 kg, 161.7 ± 8.7 cm, 7 men, and 4 women), using antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 10 people without HIV/AIDS in the control group (CG, 43.8 ± 13.8 years, 75.2 ± 11.2 kg, 163.3 ± 7.8 cm, 3 men, and 7 women), with the same average age and level of physical activity. The intervention, applied to both groups, consisted of combined training for 15 weeks, followed by detraining for 5 weeks. Before and after the training and detraining period the following parameters were evaluated: body composition by dual energy radiological absorptiometry (DXA), cardiorespiratory fitness by ergospirometer, and strength of upper and lower limbs by isometric dynamometer. The results show the effect of the intervention moments on the strength and oxygen consumption variables (time factor), considering the two study groups. Regarding the analysis of the interaction (group vs. time), there was a significant effect on the isometric extension strength of the left (p = 0.019) and right (p = 0.030) knees, with training (left: 10.4%; right: 12.4%) and detraining (left: -10.8%; right: -12.1%) effect in PLHA, when compared with the control group (left: 8.1 and 3.9%, respectively; right: 11.5 and -0.2%, respectively). In addition, there was a significant interaction on ventilatory threshold 1 (p = 0.002), indicating a significantly greater increase with training (27.3%) and decrease with detraining (-22.7%) in the PLHA group compared with the Control group (19.9 and -6.7%, respectively). In conclusion, combined training and the subsequent period of detraining caused similar responses in body composition, isometric strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness of PLHA and CG, except for the extensor strength of the lower limbs and ventilatory threshold 1, which presented positive effects on training and negative effects on detraining for PLHA. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03075332.

Keywords: HIV; cardiorespiratory fitness; detraining; exercise; physical fitness.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Study flowchart. PLHA, people living with HIV/AIDS group; CG, control group (people without HIV/AIDS); n, number of participants.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. American College of Sports Medicine (2013). ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - PubMed
    1. Arenas-Pinto A., Grant A., Edwards S., Weller I. (2003). Lactic acidosis in HIV infected patients: a systematic review of published cases. Sex. Transm. Infect. 79 340–343. 10.1136/sti.79.4.340 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Blas-Garcia A., Apostolova N., Esplugues J. V. (2011). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment after treatment with anti-HIV drugs: clinical implications. Curr. Pharm. Des. 17 4076–4086. 10.2174/138161211798764951 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Brown L. E., Weir J. P., Oliveira H. B., Bottaro M., Lima L. C. D. J., Fernandes Filho J. (2003). Recomendação de procedimentos da Sociedade Americana de Fisiologia do Exercício (ASEP) I: avaliação precisa da força e potência muscular. Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Mov. 11 95–110.
    1. Capili B., Anastasi J. K., Ogedegbe O. (2011). HIV and general cardiovascular risk. J. Assoc. Nurses AIDS Care 22 362–375. - PMC - PubMed

Associated data