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. 2021 Sep 23:8:738693.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.738693. eCollection 2021.

Trends Analysis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma at the National, Regional, and Global Level, 1990-2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Wenwen Cai  1   2 , Qingle Zeng  3 , Xingxing Zhang  1   2 , Weiqing Ruan  1
Affiliations

Trends Analysis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma at the National, Regional, and Global Level, 1990-2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Wenwen Cai et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a common hematologic malignancy. This article aimed to estimate the trends of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) globally from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Data on the NHL burden were explored from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. The trends of NHL burden were estimated using age-standardized rate (ASR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Results: The ASR of NHL incidence showed an increasing trend worldwide from 1990 to 2019, with an EAPC of.56 [95% CI: 0.45-0.66]. Meanwhile, increasing trends were observed in both sexes and in most geographic regions, particularly East Asia (EAPC = 3.57, 95% CI: 3.29-3.86). The most pronounced increasing trends were seen in Georgia (EAPC = 4.7, 95% CI: 4.20-5.21), followed by Belarus and Uzbekistan. However, death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by NHL showed decreasing trends globally, in which the respective EAPCs were -0.09 (95% CI: -0.17 to -0.02) and -0.28 (95% CI: -0.35 to -0.22). Decreasing trends were mainly seen in high and high-middle sociodemographic index (SDI) areas. At the national level, the largest increasing trends of death and DALYs were observed in Georgia, in which the respective EAPCs were 4.54 (95% CI: 4.01-5.07) and 4.97 (95% CI: 4.42-5.52). Conclusions: Decreasing trends of death and DALYs caused by NHL were observed worldwide from 1990 to 2019, but NHL remains a substantial challenge globally. The findings would inform the strategies for reducing the burden of NHL.

Keywords: age-standardized rate; epidemiological trend; estimated annual percentage change; global burden of disease; non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trends in the incidence, death, and DALYs of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the globe, SDI areas, and geographic regions from 1990 to 2019. SDI, sociodemographic index; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Incident number of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in age groups, SDI areas, and geographic regions from 1990 to 2019. (A) Incident number in age groups; (B) ASIR in SDI areas; (C) incident number in geographical regions. SDI, sociodemographic index; ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
ASIR, percentage changes in the incident number, and EAPCs of non-Hodgkin lymphoma at the national level, 1990–2019. (A) ASIR in 2019; (B) percentage changes in incident numbers between 2000 and 2019; (C) distribution of EAPCs presented in countries/territories. Countries/territories with extreme values were annotated. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation between EAPCs and ASR in 1990 at the national level. (A) EAPCs of incidence, (B) death, and (C) DALYs had negative associations with ASR in 1990. The association was calculated by a Pearson correlation analysis. The size of the circle is increased with the numbers in 1990. EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; ASR, age-standardized rate. DALYs, disability-adjusted life years.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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