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Review
. 2021 Aug 26;8(7):1027-1033.
doi: 10.1002/mdc3.13325. eCollection 2021 Oct.

From Collar to Coccyx: Truncal Movement Disorders: A Clinical Review

Fabiana Colucci  1 , Vanessa Carvalho  2 , Cristina Gonzalez-Robles  3 , Kailash P Bhatia  3 , Eoin Mulroy  3
Affiliations
Review

From Collar to Coccyx: Truncal Movement Disorders: A Clinical Review

Fabiana Colucci et al. Mov Disord Clin Pract. .

Abstract

Background: Movement disorders affecting the trunk remain a diagnostic challenge even for experienced clinicians. However, despite being common and debilitating, truncal movement disorders are rarely discussed and poorly reviewed in the medical literature.

Objectives: To review common movement disorders affecting the trunk and provide an approach for clinicians based on the truncal region involved (shoulder, chest, diaphragm, abdomen, pelvis, and axial disorders). For each disorder, clinical presentation, etiologic differential diagnosis, and "clinical clues" are discussed.

Conclusion: This review provides a clinically focused, practical approach to truncal movement disorders, which will be helpful for physicians in everyday practice.

Keywords: axial; dystonia; movement disorders; myoclonus; trunk.

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Conflict of interest statement

No specific funding was received for this work. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest relevant to this work.

Figures

FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Summary of common truncal movement disorders and clinical clues suggesting the diagnosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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