Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Mar;35(1):47-60.
doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00430-3. Epub 2021 Oct 11.

Dynamics of mitochondrial distribution during development and asymmetric division of rice zygotes

Hanifah Aini  1 , Yoshikatsu Sato  2   3 , Kakishi Uno  2   4 , Tetsuya Higashiyama  2   3   5 , Takashi Okamoto  6
Affiliations

Dynamics of mitochondrial distribution during development and asymmetric division of rice zygotes

Hanifah Aini et al. Plant Reprod. 2022 Mar.

Abstract

Mitochondria change their distribution from nuclear peripheral to uniformly distributed in cytoplasm during zygotic development of rice, and the mitochondria re-distribute around nucleus for even segregation into daughter cells. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that actively move and change their localization along with actin filaments during the cell cycle. Studies of mitochondrial dynamics and distribution in plant cells have mainly been conducted on somatic cells, and our understanding about these aspects during the formation and development of zygotes remains limited. In this study, mitochondrial nucleoids of rice egg cells and zygotes were successfully stained by using N-aryl pyrido cyanine 3 (PC3), and their intracellular localization and distribution were demonstrated. Mitochondria in rice egg cells were small and coccoid in shape and were primarily distributed around the nucleus. Upon gamete fusion, the resulting zygotes showed mitochondrial dispersion and accumulation equivalent to those in rice egg cells until 8 h after fusion (HAF). Around 12 HAF, the mitochondria started to disperse throughout the cytoplasm of the zygotes, and this dispersive distribution pattern continued until the zygotes entered the mitotic phase. At early prophase, the mitochondria redistributed from dispersive to densely accumulated around the nucleus, and during the metaphase and anaphase, the mitochondria were depleted from possible mitotic spindle region. Thereafter, during cell plate formation between daughter nuclei, the mitochondria distributed along the phragmoplast, where the new cell wall was formed. Finally, relatively equivalent amounts of mitochondria were detected in the apical and basal cells which were produced through asymmetric division of the zygotes. Further observation by treating the egg cell with latrunculin B revealed that the accumulation of mitochondria around the nuclear periphery in egg cells and early zygotes depended on the actin meshwork converging toward the egg or zygote nucleus.

Keywords: Asymmetric division; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial nucleoid; Rice; Zygote; Zygotic development.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Abiko M, Maeda H, Tamura K, Hara-Nishimura I, Okamoto T (2013) Gene expression profiles in rice gametes and zygotes: identification of gamete-enriched genes and up- or down- regulated genes in zygotes after fertilization. J Exp Bot 64:1927–1940. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert054 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Ahmad T, Aggarwal K, Pattnaik B, Mukherjee S, Sethi T, Tiwari BK, Kumar M, Micheal A, Mabalirajan U, Ghosh B, Roy SS, Agrawal A (2013) Computational classification of mitochondrial shapes reflects stress and redox state. Cell Death Dis 4:e461. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2012.213 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Anderson SN, Johnson CS, Chesnut J, Jones DS, Khanday I, Woodhouse M, Li C, Conrad LJ, Russell SD, Sundaresan V (2017) The zygotic transition is initiated in unicellular plant zygotes with asymmetric activation of parental genomes. Dev Cell 43:349–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2017.10.005 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Arimura S, Yamamoto J, Aida GP, Nakazono M, Tsutsumi N (2004) Frequent fusion and fission of plant mitochondria with unequal nucleoid distribution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:7805–7808. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0401077101 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Bakos F, Darko E, Ponya Z, Barnabas B (2003) Application of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) microspore culture and ovaries to raise wheat zygotes in vitro. Acta Biol Crac Bot 45:107–110

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources