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. 2022 Jun;78(6):1653-1664.
doi: 10.1111/jan.15069. Epub 2021 Oct 12.

Association between perceived health and adherence to treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention: A long-term follow-up study

Outi Kähkönen  1   2 , Anne Oikarinen  1   2 , Hannu Vähänikkilä  3 , Helvi Kyngäs  1   2   4
Affiliations

Association between perceived health and adherence to treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention: A long-term follow-up study

Outi Kähkönen et al. J Adv Nurs. 2022 Jun.

Abstract

Aims: To identify associations between perceived health and treatment adherence six years after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Design: A non-experimental descriptive long-term follow-up study.

Methods: Baseline data (n = 416) were collected in 2013, with follow-up data collected in 2019 (n = 154), using the EuroQoL scale, EuroQoL visual analogue scale, and Adherence of Patients with Chronic Disease Instrument. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate methods.

Results: The average age of the 154 respondents was 68.5 years (SD 7.01), with a majority males (n = 118, 86.6%). Adherence to a healthy lifestyle, good perceived results of care, support from nurses, high sense of normality, low fear of complications, motivation, older age, and duration of coronary artery disease were associated with better general perceived health as well as its dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression).

Conclusion: Support from nurses is a key factor to ensuring high perceived health among post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients. This support must be continuous and motivate the patient to adhere to a healthy lifestyle. Patients should feel comfortable sharing their problems and fears. This type of relationship will allow health care professionals to assess the patient's current situation and address potential problems about mobility, pain and discomfort, as well as anxiety and depression to strengthen the patient's sense of normality and enable them to confidently lead a normal life.

Impact: The research aimed to gain knowledge about how perceived health is associated with treatment adherence six years after percutaneous coronary intervention. The results emphasise that a nurse's support of patients is crucial to the care process, as adherence to treatment showed a clear positive association with perceived health in the analysed sample of post-PCI patients.

Keywords: adherence; patient-reported outcomes; perceived health; percutaneous coronary intervention.

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