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Review
. 2021 Sep 29;22(19):10554.
doi: 10.3390/ijms221910554.

Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature)

Beata Smolarz  1 , Krzysztof Szyłło  2 , Hanna Romanowicz  1
Affiliations
Review

Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature)

Beata Smolarz et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Endometriosis is a "mysterious" disease and its exact cause has not yet been established. Among the etiological factors, congenital, environmental, epigenetic, autoimmune and allergic factors are listed. It is believed that the primary mechanism of the formation of endometriosis foci is retrograde menstruation, i.e., the passage of menstrual blood through the fallopian tubes into the peritoneal cavity and implantation of exfoliated endometrial cells. However, since this mechanism is also observed in healthy women, other factors must also be involved in the formation of endometriosis foci. Endometriosis is in many women the cause of infertility, chronic pain and the deterioration of the quality of life. It also represents a significant financial burden on health systems. The article presents a review of the literature on endometriosis-a disease affecting women throughout the world.

Keywords: biomarkers; diagnostic; endometriosis; genes; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Intestinal endometriosis (from Department of Operative Gynaecology and Oncological Gynaecology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The potential endometriosis biomarkers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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