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. 2021 Oct 8;10(19):4618.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10194618.

Cardiometabolic Disorders and the Risk of Critical COVID-19 as Compared to Influenza Pneumonia

Antoine Fayol  1   2   3 , Marine Livrozet  1   2   3 , Héléna Pereira  1   4 , Jean-Luc Diehl  1   5 , David Lebeaux  1   6 , Jean-Benoit Arlet  1   7 , Bernard Cholley  1   8 , Claire Carette  1   9 , Jean-Baptiste Carves  1   2 , Sébastien Czernichow  1   9 , Caroline Hauw  1   5 , Sophie-Rym Hamada  1   8 , Anne-Sophie Jannot  1   4 , Geoffroy Volle  1   7 , Nihar Masurkar  1   3 , Tristan Mirault  1   3   10 , Benjamin Planquette  1   11 , Olivier Sanchez  1   11 , Gilles Châtellier  1   4 , Michel Azizi  1   2   12 , Jean-Sébastien Hulot  1   2   3
Affiliations

Cardiometabolic Disorders and the Risk of Critical COVID-19 as Compared to Influenza Pneumonia

Antoine Fayol et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

We aimed to compare the influence of cardiometabolic disorders on the incidence of severe COVID-19 vs. non-COVID pneumonia. We included all consecutive patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2-positive pneumonia between 12 March 2020 and 1 April 2020 and compared them to patients with influenza pneumonia hospitalized between December 2017 and December 2019 at the same tertiary hospital in Paris. Patients with COVID-19 were significantly younger and more frequently male. In the analysis adjusted for age and sex, patients with COVID-19 were more likely to be obese (adjOR: 2.25; 95% CI 1.24-4.09; p = 0.0076) and receive diuretics (adjOR: 2.13; 95% CI 1.12-4.03; p = 0.021) but were less likely to be smokers (adjOR: 0.40; 95% CI 0.24-0.64; p = 0.0002), have COPD (adjOR: 0.25; 95% CI 0.11-0.56; p = 0.0008), or have a previous or active cancer diagnosis (adjOR: 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.91; p = 0.020). The rate of ICU admission was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (32.4% vs. 5.2% p < 0.0001). Obesity was significantly associated with the risk of direct ICU admission in patients with COVID-19 but not in patients with influenza pneumonia. Likewise, pre-existing hypertension was significantly associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 but not in patients with influenza pneumonia. Cardiometabolic disorders differentially influenced the risk of presenting with severe COVID-19 or influenza pneumonia.

Keywords: COVID-19; cardiovascular risk factors; hypertension; obesity; seasonal influenza.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of patients with COVID-19 included in the study and outcomes during the 14-day follow up.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representation of ORs between COVID-19 and influenza hospitalized patients. (A) ICU and non-ICU patients. (B) Non-ICU patients.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representation of ORs between COVID-19 and influenza hospitalized patients. (A) ICU and non-ICU patients. (B) Non-ICU patients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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