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. 2021 Sep 26;13(19):3290.
doi: 10.3390/polym13193290.

Peptide Conjugate on Multilayer Graphene Oxide Film for the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Perng Yang Puah  1   2   3 , Pak Yan Moh  2 , Coswald Stephen Sipaut  4 , Ping Chin Lee  1   5 , Siew Eng How  2
Affiliations

Peptide Conjugate on Multilayer Graphene Oxide Film for the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Perng Yang Puah et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) is extensively studied as a template material for mesenchymal stem cell application due to its two-dimensional nature and unique functionalization chemistries. Herein, a new type of peptide-conjugated multilayer graphene oxide (peptide/m-GO film) was fabricated and used as biomaterial for culturing human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs). The characterization of the peptide/m-GO films was performed, and the biocompatibility of the WJ-MSCs on the peptide/m-GO films was investigated. The results demonstrated that the peptide conjugate on the m-GO film did not hamper the normal growth of WJ-MSCs but supported the growth of WJ-MSCs after the 6-day culture period. In addition, the osteogenic differentiation of WJ-MSCs on the peptide/m-GO films was enhanced as compared with the parent m-GO film. Therefore, such peptide-conjugated m-GO films could provide a highly biocompatible and multifunctional 2D material to tailor the potential application of WJ-MSCs in bone tissue regeneration.

Keywords: Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells; multilayer graphene oxide; osteogenic differentiation; peptide.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Schematic illustration of the preparation of peptide conjugated on m-GO film.
Figure 1
Figure 1
AFM topographic image of m-GO film (a) before and (b–e) after conjugation with peptide at 2.5 µm × 2.5 µm and corresponding surface roughness measurements (f).
Figure 2
Figure 2
FTIR spectra of m-GO film and functionalized m-GO film with PepS1, PepS2, PepS3, and PepS4.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cell viability of the WJ-MSCs evaluated at the m-GO film before and after conjugate with peptide sequences (PepS1, PepS2, PepS3, and PepS4) was quantified by MTT assay. WJ-MSCs were seeded in a 48-well plate at a density of 1 × 104 cells/well for 6 days. The error bars represent the SD about the mean. Asterisk (*) indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05) compared with the m-GO film on the same day.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Peptide-conjugated m-GO film promotes osteogenic differentiation of WJ-MSCs. (a) Schematic demonstration of the procedure to differentiate WJ-MSCs into osteogenic lineages on the m-GO and peptide/m-GO film. (b) Alizarin Red staining of WJ-MSCs on the m-GO film before and after conjugate with peptide sequences (PepS1, PepS2, PepS3, and PepS4) after 14 days of osteogenic medium (OM) incubation. All scale bars represent 200 µm.
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