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Review
. 2021 Oct 14;23(12):76.
doi: 10.1007/s11883-021-00975-8.

Highlights of Cardiovascular Disease Studies Presented at the 2021 European Society of Cardiology Congress

Michelle T Lee  1   2 , Dhruv Mahtta  1   2   3 , Louis Dlouhy  3 , Hunaina Shahab  4 , Mahmoud Al Rifai  3 , Salim S Virani  5   6   7   8
Affiliations
Review

Highlights of Cardiovascular Disease Studies Presented at the 2021 European Society of Cardiology Congress

Michelle T Lee et al. Curr Atheroscler Rep. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review highlights select studies presented at the virtual 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress.

Recent findings: Reviewed studies assess single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging in coronary artery disease (PACIFIC-II); empagliflozin in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (EMPEROR-Preserved); dapagliflozin in chronic heart failure (DAPA-HF); proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor and its lipid lowering effects (NATURE-PCSK9); fixed-dose combination therapies with or without aspirin in primary prevention; overview of contrasting results between REDUCE-IT versus STRENGTH trials; Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReaTment for hypertension (QUARTET); evolocumab and changes in plaque composition on optical coherence tomography (HUYGENS); and low-dose rivaroxaban during the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome (H-REPLACE). Research presented at the 2021 ESC Congress shows promise in reducing burden of cardiovascular disease and reinforces the value of cardiovascular disease prevention.

Keywords: Aspirin; Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular prevention; Dapagliflozin; Empagliflozin; Heart failure.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
    1. Anker SD, Butler J, Filippatos G, Ferreira JP, Bocchi E, Böhm M, et al. Empagliflozin in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2107038 . In a randomized trial of 5988 heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction >40%, empagliflozin (compared with placebo) was associated with a significant risk reduction in the composite end point of cardiovascular death and first hospitalization for heart failure.
    1. Curtain JP, Docherty KF, Jhund PS, Petrie MC, Inzucchi SE, Køber L, et al. Effect of dapagliflozin on ventricular arrhythmias, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or sudden death in DAPA-HF. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(36):3727–38. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab560 . In a randomized trial of 4,744 heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, dapagliflozin (compared with placebo) was associated with a significant risk reduction in the composite end point of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death.
    1. Joseph P, Roshandel G, Gao P, et al. Fixed-dose combination therapies with and without aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: An individual participant data meta-analysis. Lancet. 2021;398(10306):1133–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01827-4 . - DOI - PubMed
    1. Doi T, Langsted A, Nordestgaard BG. A possible explanation for the contrasting results of reduce-it vs. Strength: Cohort study mimicking trial designs. Eur Heart J. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab555 .
    1. Nicholls SJ, Nissen SE, Prati F, et al. Assessing the impact of pcsk9 inhibition on coronary plaque phenotype with optical coherence tomography: Rationale and design of the randomized, placebo-controlled huygens study. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2021;11(1):120–9 This international double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial of 161 patients demonstrated that adding evolucomab to statin therapy among patients after an acute coronary syndrome resulted in a greater increase in minimum fibrous cap thickness and decrease in maximum lipid arc. - DOI

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